Provided are systems and methods for removing per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) from a contaminated stream comprising: collecting a contaminated stream comprising one or more PFAS; concentrating the one or more PFAS of the contaminated stream to achieve a concentrated stream having greater than or equal to 0.01 wt. % PFAS; and removing the one or more PFAS of the concentrated stream by heating the concentrated stream in the presence of calcium oxide to produce calcium fluoride.

An advanced defluoridation agent and a method for removing fluoride ions in fluorine-containing wastewater are provided. The advanced defluoridation agent includes 40-70 wt % of polyaluminum sulfate, 0.3-30 wt % of hydroxyapatite and deionized water supplemented to 100 wt %. Using the advanced defluoridation agent of the present disclosure to treat fluoride-containing wastewater can achieve increased defluorination efficiency, reduced electrical conductivity, and reduced sludge content, and a better defluorination effect. The concentration of fluoride ions is lower than 15 ppm after using the advanced defluoridation agent of the present disclosure.

A two-stage system and method for treating fluoride-containing wastewater are provided. The two-stage system includes a first concentration defluoridation section and a second concentration defluoridation section. In the first concentration defluoridation section, the first mixed wastewater containing high concentration of fluoride ions is mixed with calcium chloride and stirred in the second mixing tank to obtain the second mixed wastewater containing low-concentration fluoride ions; in the second concentration defluoridation section, the second mixed wastewater is mixed with an advanced defluoridation agent and stirred in the third mixing tank to form a third mixed wastewater; the third mixed wastewater is introduced into a flocculation tank from the third mixing tank; and polymer is added for flocculation and sedimentation, so as to discharge a sediment and a defluoridation wastewater, the fluoride ion of which is less than 15 ppm.

A system and method for degrading and incinerating a fluorocarbon or fluorinated material, such as per- and/or polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), contained in water, such as ground water or leachate, with reduced emissions of gaseous PFC is provided. The method includes mixing the water, a hydroxide base, and optionally a solvent in a batch reactor to form a suspension. The PFAS and solvent can both be provided by the water, such as ground water or leachate. The reaction mixture is heated to a temperature ranging from about 25 C. to about 400 C. for at least about 0.5 hours to about 240 hours to defluorinate the corresponding PFAS fluorocarbons contained in the leachate water and produce a defluorinated waste product. The method can convert organic fluorine present in the PFAS within the water to inorganic fluoride. Thus, the defluorinated waste product can be incinerated with reduced emissions of harmful gaseous PFCs.

Materials for binding per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are disclosed. A fluidic device comprising the materials for detection and quantification of PFAS in a sample is disclosed. The fluidic device may be configured for multiplexed analyses. Also disclosed are methods for sorbing and remediating PFAS in a sample. The sample may be groundwater containing, or suspected of containing, one or more PFAS.

Contaminant-sequestering coatings include a network of hydrolyzed silane compounds including (i) a plurality of fluorinated functionalities, and (ii) a plurality of thiol functional groups are provided. The network of hydrolyzed silane compounds includes a fluorinated silane including (a) a hydrophilic polar head region. The polar head region includes one or multiple units of ethylene glycol (EG) functionality, (b) a fluorine-containing region, and (c) an anchor region including a silicon atom. The contaminant-sequestering coatings may sequester one or more per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), heavy metals, biological species, or any combination thereof.

A PFA removal system includes a torch reaction zone and an organic compound stream, the organic compound stream injected into the torch reaction zone. The PFA removal system also includes a hydrogen stream, the hydrogen stream injected into the torch reaction zone and an oxygen stream, the oxygen stream injected into the torch reaction zone. In addition, the PFA removal system includes a hot waste stream injected into the torch reaction zone and a flue gas stream, the flue gas stream discharged from the torch reaction zone.

A process for treating PFAS containing waste materials comprising vaporizing the PFAS containing waste materials during a reaction with fuel, oxygen and water, and then oxidizing the gaseous reaction product of those materials along with fuel, oxygen and water to break the fluorine bonds and oxidize the remaining components to carbon dioxide and water. In one embodiment the process further comprises the steps of electrolyzing the water exiting the process to produce hydrogen and oxygen, purifying both the hydrogen and oxygen streams, and then feeding the purified hydrogen and oxygen to hydrogen fuel cells to generate power.

A process for treating waste materials and generating electrical power from simultaneously comprising reacting the waste materials during a reaction with fuel, oxygen and water, and then oxidizing the gaseous reaction product of those materials along with fuel, oxygen and water. In one embodiment the process further comprises the steps of electrolyzing the water exiting the process to produce hydrogen and oxygen, purifying both the hydrogen and oxygen streams, and then feeding the purified hydrogen and oxygen to hydrogen fuel cells to generate power.

Provided are systems and methods for removing per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) from a contaminated stream comprising: collecting a contaminated stream comprising one or more PFAS; concentrating the one or more PFAS of the contaminated stream to achieve a concentrated stream having greater than or equal to 0.01 wt. % PFAS; and removing the one or more PFAS of the concentrated stream by heating the concentrated stream in the presence of calcium oxide to produce calcium fluoride.