Configurations and related processing schemes of direct or indirect (or both) inter-plants heating systems synthesized for grassroots medium grade crude oil semi-conversion refineries to increase energy efficiency from specific portions of low grade waste heat sources are described. Configurations and related processing schemes of direct or indirect (or both) inter-plants heating systems synthesized for integrated medium grade crude oil semi-conversion refineries and aromatics complex for increasing energy efficiency from specific portions of low grade waste sources are also described.

Configurations and related processing schemes of direct or indirect inter-plants heating systems (or both) synthesized for grassroots medium grade crude oil semi-conversion refineries to increase energy efficiency from specific portions of low grade waste heat sources are described. Configurations and related processing schemes of direct or indirect inter-plants heating systems (or both) synthesized for integrated medium grade crude oil semi-conversion refineries and aromatics complex for increasing energy efficiency from specific portions of low grade waste sources are also described.

The present invention relates to an improved process for producing red iron oxide pigments by the Penniman process with nitrate (also called nitrate process or direct red process) and to apparatus for implementing this process, and also to the use of the plant for producing red iron oxide pigments by the Penniman process with nitrate.

Configurations and related processing schemes of direct or indirect inter-plants heating systems (or both) synthesized for grassroots medium grade crude oil semi-conversion refineries to increase energy efficiency from specific portions of low grade waste heat sources are described. Configurations and related processing schemes of direct or indirect inter-plants heating systems (or both) synthesized for integrated medium grade crude oil semi-conversion refineries and aromatics complex for increasing energy efficiency from specific portions of low grade waste sources are also described.

Configurations and related processing schemes of direct or indirect (or both) inter-plants heating systems synthesized for grassroots medium grade crude oil semi-conversion refineries to increase energy efficiency from specific portions of low grade waste heat sources are described. Configurations and related processing schemes of direct or indirect (or both) inter-plants heating systems synthesized for integrated medium grade crude oil semi-conversion refineries and aromatics complex for increasing energy efficiency from specific portions of low grade waste sources are also described.

Configurations and related processing schemes of specific direct or indirect inter-plants integration for energy consumption reduction synthesized for grassroots medium grade crude oil semi-conversion refineries to increase energy efficiency from specific portions of low grade waste heat sources are described. Configurations and related processing schemes of specific direct or indirect inter-plants integration for energy consumption reduction for integrated medium grade crude oil semi-conversion refineries and aromatics complex for increasing energy efficiency from specific portions of low grade waste sources are also described.

The present disclosure provides a container-type apparatus for wastewater treatment with a suspended particle system, including one or multiple biological reaction zones. Said biological reaction zones can be facultative, anaerobic, anoxic, and aerobic and at least one of said biological reaction zones is a suspended particle system. Particles in said suspended particle system act as the carrier of microbiota and offer better conditions for them to grow. The apparatus adopts a box structure, such as a container type, which is convenient to move, flexible to assemble, and can be used for multiple times. Based on actual requirements, this apparatus can also be a structure type. The suspended particle system disclosed herein applied in wastewater treatment can increase the concentration of microorganisms significantly, improve the ability to bear impact load, produce less sludge, and without sludge expansion. Meanwhile, the means to suspend particles by gas and liquid is able to reduce energy consumption to a larger extent. Therefore, this system features high efficiency and low energy consumption.

Configurations and related processing schemes of specific inter-plants and hybrid, intra- and inter-plants waste heat recovery schemes for thermal energy consumption reduction in integrated refining-petrochemical facilities synthesized for grassroots medium grade crude oil semi-conversion refineries to increase energy efficiency from specific portions of low grade waste heat sources are described. Configurations and related processing schemes of specific inter-plants and hybrid, intra- and inter-plants waste heat recovery schemes for thermal energy consumption reduction in integrated refining-petrochemical facilities synthesized for integrated medium grade crude oil semi-conversion refineries and aromatics complex for increasing energy efficiency from specific portions of low grade waste sources are also described.

The present invention relates to a method for zero-release treatment of brine waste water, comprising: (1) pretreatment; (2) reverse osmosis treatment; (3) advanced oxidation treatment; (4) biochemical treatment; (5) electrodialysis concentration; (6) circulating crystallization. Compared with the prior art, the method for zero-release treatment of brine waste water provided in the present invention realizes zero release or near zero release of waste water, improves salt recovery efficiency, can recover high-quality sodium sulfate, mirabilite and sodium chloride, and turns crystalline salts into a resource; the membrane treatment unit can operates stably in the process for a long operation period at a low cost, and the entire process has high economic efficiency.

The present invention is directed to methods for treating liquid streams containing quaternary ammonium compounds. In particular, the invention and its various embodiments relate to the addition of certain chemicals, such as inulins and derivatives thereof, including, for example, carboxymethyl inulin with or without various degrees of substitution of carboxymethyl groups per monosaccharide unit, to a liquid stream containing quaternary ammonium compounds to reduce, eliminate, or sequester the quaternary ammonium compound in the liquid stream.