An adsorbent composition for capturing pollutants includes a porous composition that includes a plurality of ferric oxyhydroxide particles and an additional component in the porous composition. The additional component includes one of copper chloride (CuCl.sub.2), zinc chloride (ZnCl.sub.2), polyvinylpolypyrrolidone, silicon carbide, silicon dioxide, activated carbon or other carbonaceous material, and a combination thereof.

A composition for stimulating the production and excretion of a lignolytic enzyme in a microorganism for degrading harmful substances and/or in the manufacturing of easily degradable ester containing plastics or articles made of ester containing plastic. The composition mainly includes tributyrin, triolein, fish oil, 16-hydroxyhexadecanoic acid, n-aliphatic primary fatty alcohols, polycaprolactone, aliphatic polyesters, linolenic acid, linoleic acid, alpha linolenic acid, plant polyesters, cutin, cutin derivatives, cutin monomers, omega hydroxy acids, 16-hydroxy palmitic acid, 9,16-dihydroxypalmitic acid, 10,16-dihydroxypalmitic acid, C18-hydroxy oleic acid, 9,10-epoxy-18-hydroxy stearic acid, 9,10,18-trihydroxystearate, suberin, cork, fruit skins, vegetable skins, and their constituents and derivatives, hydroxy fatty acids, 16-hydroxy palmitic acid, 18-hydroxy stearic acid, juniperic acid, hexadecanol, linseed oil, perilla oil, amides, acetamide and N-acetyl amide, zinc, zinc salts, butyrate, acetate, lactate, manganese peroxidase, and carbamide peroxide.

A method of purifying a produced water comprising contacting a produced water stream with a composition comprising a (i) a chelant; (ii) an oxidizing agent; and (iii) a surfactant under conditions suitable for the formation of a purified produced water. A composition for purifying produced water comprising (i) a biochelant in an amount of from about 1 wt. % to about 10 wt. %: (ii) an oxidizing agent in an amount of from about 3 wt. % to about 50 wt. %; (iii) a surfactant in an amount of from about 0.1 wt. % to about 70 wt. % wherein the weight percentage is based on the total weight of the composition; and (iv) a solvent.

An alkaline aqueous ferric iron salt solution is disclosed. Generally, the alkaline aqueous ferric iron salt solution comprises ferric ions (Fe.sup.3+), potassium ions (K.sup.+), carbonate ions (CO.sub.3.sup.2−), bicarbonate ions (HCO.sub.3.sup.−), hydroxide ions (OH.sup.−), optionally nitrate ions (NO.sub.3.sup.−). Further, a molar ratio of the potassium ions to the ferric ions is generally at least 5.0. The ferric iron is complexed with carbonate, bicarbonate or both to form a water-soluble complex that is anionic in nature and highly soluble in the alkaline aqueous ferric iron salt solution at pH above 8.5, and a pH of the alkaline aqueous ferric iron salt solution is at least 8.5.

A method for treating wastewater comprising subjecting a sulfate containing wastewater to Fe(III) iron dosing in an anaerobic bioreactor containing one or more of an iron reducing bacteria and one or more of a sulfate reducing bacteria, and one or more of a fermentative bacteria, and adjusting a dosage of the Fe(III) iron in the anaerobic bioreactor to achieve a Fe/Sulfate molar ratio that is equal to or greater than 0.50, and removing an effluent from the anaerobic bioreactor that is a treated wastewater. A wastewater treatment system is provided having a wastewater reservoir, a ferric iron solution reservoir, an anaerobic bioreactor, and an effluent reservoir.

A process for rendering excavation material inert for the purpose of their analysis, of their storage and/or of their valorisation. The process for inerting the excavation material includes adding an organic acid, of a complexing agent or of a diaminotetracarboxylic acid to the excavation material, the complexing agent being chosen from a sugar alcohol, a cationic surface-active agent and their mixtures. Also, a method of determining the concentration by weight of a polluting inorganic element included in an excavated material, a method of storage of the inert excavation material, and a method of valorising the inerted material.

A system for removing undesirable compounds from contaminated air includes a biofilter having an alkaline material introduction system and a fuzzy-logic based controller. A contaminant, such as hydrogen sulfide, is removed from contaminated air by passing the contaminated air through the biofilter.

A method to improve the solid/solid separation of an amorphous aluminium trihydroxide containing suspension from a gypsum containing suspension in a saturated calcium sulphate solution without the need for a dewatering step following the solid-solid separation.

What is provided is a layered double hydroxide crystal for achieving higher ion-exchange capacity than that of the related art.

The layered double hydroxide crystal 1 according to the present embodiment is represented by Formula (1) and composed of a plurality of crystal grains 10 each of which has a lamination structure in which a plurality of plate-shaped crystals (11), (11), . . . are laminated, in which particle sizes of the plurality of crystal grains (10), (10), . . . are uniform on a microscale.

[Ni.sup.2+.sub.1-xFe.sup.3+.sub.x(OH).sub.2].[(Cl.sup.−).sub.X/2]  (1) (Where, 0.25<x≤0.9)

A wastewater treatment management system including a plurality of monitoring stations, a treating station for introducing a treating agent to wastewater, and a principal processing facility for controlling a dose of the treating agent. A system configured to treat a wastewater stream collection system including a source of a treating agent, a metering valve, a sensor, and a controller operatively connected to the metering valve and the sensor. A non-transitory computer-readable medium including instruction that instruct a controller to perform a method of controlling addition of a treating agent into a wastewater stream collection system. A controller for a system configured to treat odor and control corrosion in a wastewater stream collection system that is operatively connectable to a metering valve for administering a treating agent to a wastewater stream collection system.