The invention relates to a method for reducing emission of ammonia from a livestock housing. The method comprises applying a composition comprising a compound that restrains ammonia volatilization onto freshly excreted manure by an animal in the livestock housing. Because the compound is deposited onto freshly excreted manure, ammonia volatilization is tackled at the source, rather than at a later moment, e.g. in a manure pit, when contact of faeces and urine, and therefore the conversion of urea to ammonia under the influence of urease has already led to volatilization of ammonia.

The present invention aims to provide an activated carbon for adsorbing a molecular polar substance with excellent adsorption property to a molecular polar substance and regeneratability. The present invention provides an activated carbon for adsorbing a molecular polar substance obtained by an alkali activation method, wherein the activated carbon has an acidic functional group in an amount of 2.1 meq/g or more, a basic functional group in an amount of more than 0 to 0.6 meq/g, and a specific surface area of 1000 to 4000 m.sup.2/g.

A magnet band for production of magnetized water according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is easy to carry and convenient to use so that a user can easily magnetically activate and drink a beverage, and has a structure with reduced production cost so that many people can inexpensively and widely use the magnet band.

A system for generation of radicals in a liquid (e.g., OH and derivatively H.sub.2O.sub.2 in water) by a plasma reactor, including a first electrode having a rod shape or a tubular shape; a dielectric tubular housing coaxial with the first electrode and enclosing the first electrode, and having a gap to the first electrode of 0.3-30 mm; a second electrode on an outside of the dielectric tubular housing and coaxial with first electrode with a gap 0.3-30 mm; a high voltage power supply providing voltage oscillations or pulses of 0.5-30 kV and a frequency 1-50 kHz between the first and second electrodes; and a pump or a Venturi injector on an output of the plasma reactor and a chock valve on an input of reactor for generating a low water pressure in the gap between first and second electrodes so as to generate boiling in the gap.

The present invention relates to the technical field of wastewater treatment, and discloses a bioaugmentation treatment process for lithium battery producing wastewater. The method comprises the following steps: 1) introducing wastewater into a hydrolytic acidification tank, and adding Enterobacter sp. NJUST50 and activated sludge to the hydrolytic acidification tank for hydrolytic acidification treatment; 2) introducing the effluent into an anoxic tank, and adding Enterobacter sp. NJUST50 and anaerobic activated sludge for anoxic treatment; 3) introducing the effluent into an aerobic tank, and adding Enterobacter sp. NJUST50 and aerobic activated sludge for aerobic treatment; 4) introducing the effluent into an anoxic filter tank, and adding Enterobacter sp. NJUST50 and anaerobic activated sludge to the filter tank for treatment; and 5) introducing the effluent into a biological aerated filter tank, and adding a sludge mixture of Enterobacter sp. NJUST50 with aerobic activated sludge to the filter tank for treatment.

Relatively greater capillarity material layers and relatively lesser capillarity material layers are provided. These layers can be used to promote capillary wetting in capillary wetting zones to promote prolonged periods of water retention. Carbon sources present in the capillary wetting zones may exhibit prolonged use provided by limited drying and wetting cycles experienced in the capillary wetting zones. Carbon sources positioned between saturated layers may exhibit prolonged use provided by anoxic conditions created by upper and lower water seals of the saturated layers. Capillarity layers can be employed in infiltration systems handling water, such as residential wastewater.

The present invention relates to a side stream deammonification process where deammonification is performed by a non-continuous flow integrated fixed film activated sludge sequencing batch reactor (IFAS SBR) without the need of employing an external clarifier. More particularly, the present invention entails a single reactor designed to operate as an IFAS SBR or a moving bed bioreactor (MBBR). With the design of the single tank, the two operation modes, MBBR and IFAS SBR, are interchangeable depending on the treatment needs.

A system and method for treatment of wastewater, in which the system includes a blackwater reactor configured to receive a stream of blackwater influent, to contain the blackwater therein during treatment of the blackwater, to facilitate recovery of methane and nutrient precipitates therefrom, and to output partially treated blackwater, and a greywater reactor configured to receive a stream of greywater influent and the partially treated blackwater output from the blackwater reactor, to contain the greywater and the partially treated blackwater therein during greywater treatment, and to output greywater treatment discharge. The process includes inputting a stream of blackwater into the blackwater reactor; treating the blackwater in the blackwater reactor with an anaerobic digestion process; controlling a pH level of the blackwater within the blackwater reactor; recovering nutrient precipitates from the blackwater reactor, optionally independent of chemical additives; and recovering methane from the blackwater reactor.

One aspect of the present invention is directed to a granular filter media for removing contaminants from water or other liquids. The media comprise granular materials comprising aggregate and remediation materials. Other aspects of the invention are directed to methods of making and using the granular filter media of the invention.

A method and apparatus for producing hydrogen gas whereby a nanobubble generator introduces nanobubbles at a concentration of at least 10.sup.7 nanobubbles per cm.sup.3 into an electrolytic cell comprising a pair of electrodes and a hydrogen-containing, electrolyzable liquid, and the electrolytic cell is operated to produce hydrogen gas.