The present disclosure belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, and relates to a preparation method and use of a cobalt nanoparticle/boron nitride composite. The preparation method includes the following steps: dissolving 2-methylimidazole and boric acid in deionized water, and stirring to obtain a solution A; dissolving Co(NO.sub.3).sub.2.Math.6H.sub.2O and Zn(NO).sub.3.Math.6H.sub.2O in deionized water, and conducting ultrasonic dispersion to obtain a solution B; transferring the solution B into the solution A, and stirring to form a clear and transparent solution; transferring the clear and transparent solution into a container lined with Teflon, and conducting a reaction; subjecting an obtained product to cooling, filtration, washing, and drying sequentially to obtain a precursor of the composite; and conducting roasting on the precursor in an ammonia gas atmosphere to obtain the cobalt nanoparticle/boron nitride composite with a spherical superstructure.

A method of using ZnO particles for the treatment of colon cancer and a method of using the particles for reducing the concentration of an organic contaminant in an aqueous solution is described. The ZnO particles are substantially spherical and may have nanopetals that provide a nanoflower morphology. The synthesis and characterization of the ZnO particles is also discussed.

The present disclosure relates to a conjugated polyelectrolyte-grafted membrane, which is obtained by fixing a conjugated polyelectrolyte (CPE) capable of generating active oxygen under visible light irradiation to a membrane through crosslinking, and can remove contaminants in water, while reducing bio-fouling on the surface of the membrane, by generating active oxygen through a photocatalytic reaction of the conjugated polyelectrolyte (CPE), as well as to a method for manufacturing the same. The method for manufacturing a conjugated polyelectrolyte-grafted membrane includes the steps of: preparing a conjugated polyelectrolyte (CPE); coating a conjugated polyelectrolyte (CPE) on the surface of a membrane; and carrying out crosslinking of the conjugated polyelectrolyte (CPE) with the surface of the membrane.

The invention provides a process for the preparation of bismuth oxyhalide, comprising a precipitation of bismuth oxyhalide in an acidic aqueous medium in the presence of a reducing agent. Also provided are bismuth oxyhalide compounds doped with elemental bismuth Bi.sup.(0). The use of Bi.sup.(0)doped-bismuth oxyhalide as photocatalysts in water purification is also described.

Disclosed are methods to remove organic and/or inorganic compounds (e.g., contaminants) from water containing organic and/or inorganic compounds, involving contacting the water with an effective organic and/or inorganic compounds removing amount of hemoglobin/Fe.sub.3O.sub.4 composite where the compounds in the water adsorb onto the hemoglobin/Fe.sub.3O.sub.4 composite, and removing (e.g., using a magnet since the composite is magnetic) the hemoglobin/Fe.sub.3O.sub.4 composite from the water.

The present invention is a water treatment agent containing (a) a polyalkylene oxide with a weight average molecular weight of 500,000 or more and (b) an inorganic flocculating agent.

A method of synthesizing a doped carbonaceous material includes mixing a carbon precursor material with at least one dopant to form a homogeneous/heterogeneous mixture; and subjecting the mixture to pyrolysis in an inert atmosphere to obtain the doped carbonaceous material. A method of purifying water includes providing an amount of the doped carbonaceous material in the water as a photocatalyst; and illuminating the water containing the doped carbonaceous material with visible light such that under visible light illumination, the doped carbonaceous material generates excitons (electron-hole pairs) and has high electron affinity, which react with oxygen and water adsorbed on its surface forming reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as hydroxyl radicals and superoxide radicals, singlet oxygen, hydrogen peroxide, that, in turn, decompose pollutants and micropollutants.

The method of making carbon-zinc oxide (C—ZnO) nanoparticles includes grinding a mixture of zinc nitrate hexahydrate (Zn(NO.sub.3).sub.2.6H.sub.2O) and furfural (C.sub.4H.sub.3OCHO) to produce a ground mixture. As a non-limiting example, the zinc nitrate hexahydrate (Zn(NO.sub.3).sub.2.6H.sub.2O) and the furfural (C.sub.4H.sub.3OCHO) may be placed in a mortar and ground, by hand with a pestle, for approximately 10 minutes. The ground mixture is then heated to produce the C—ZnO nanoparticles. As a non-limiting example, the ground mixture may be heated in a quartz tube at a temperature of approximately 500° C.

Described is a system and corresponding method for remediating liquid waste streams. The system includes an electro-oxidation (EO) chamber, an electro-deposition (ED) chamber, and an electro-adsorption (EA) chamber. In the method, a waste stream is subjected to electro-oxidation, followed by electro-deposition and/or electro-adsorption. The method removes both organic and inorganic pollutants, as well as metals present as free ions or bound into organic or inorganic complexes.

A composite material, wherein the composite material contains aluminum alloys with at least one of alkaline-earth metals and transition metals, and are used for removing pollutants by dissolving to release divalent metal ions, trivalent aluminum ions and hydroxide ions, which contact with other divalent and trivalent metal cations and anions in the contaminated water, to perform an in situ self-assemble of two-dimensional Layered Double Hydroxides (LDH) precipitates; consists of 18-70 weight% of aluminum metal, 30-80% weight of a second type of metal, and 0-2 weight% of an auxiliary agent; has a particle size of 0.01-3 mm; and preferably forms a micro-nano Alloy@LDH composite material with a core-shell structure by pretreating with dilute HCl. The present invention is used for soil remediation or sewage purification, and is suitable for chemical removal and degradation of complex contaminants from an acidic to alkaline environment.