A trihalomethane (THM) and volatile organic compound (VOC) removal system includes: a storage vessel; a fluid inlet on the storage vessel where fluid enters said storage vessel; a fluid outlet on the storage vessel where fluid exits said storage vessel; and a fluid fitting on said storage vessel. Fluid leaves the storage vessel via an inlet conduit attached to the fluid fitting and flows through a pump and passes through a venturi aspirator, and returns to the storage vessel through an outlet conduit attached to the storage vessel.

An apparatus for treating a stream of contaminated water having an elevated concentration of at least one of light metals, heavy metals, sulfates that includes at least one process fluid inlet communicating with a process conduit; at least one electrode reaction vessel in fluid communication with the process conduit, the reaction vessel having an interior chamber and at least one electrode positioned in the reaction chamber, the electrode powered by a alternating current source; and at least one magnetic field reaction vessel in fluid communication with the process conduit, the magnetic field reaction vessel having an outwardly oriented surface and an opposed inwardly oriented surface, the magnetic field reaction vessel having at least one magnet in contact with the inwardly oriented surface of the magnetic field reaction vessel.

A desalination system that can comprise an inlet, an optional preheating stage, multiple evaporation chambers and optional demisters, product condensers, a waste outlet, one or more product outlets, a nested configuration that facilitates heat transfer and recovery and a control system. The control system can permit operation of the purification system continuously with minimal user intervention or cleaning. The desalination system can operate with any number of pre-treatment methods for descaling, and with degassing systems to eliminate or reduce hydrocarbons and dissolved gases. The system is capable of removing, from a contaminated water sample, a plurality of contaminant types including microbiological contaminants, radiological contaminants, metals, and salts.

According to one embodiment, a method for removing antimicrobial material from a composition includes providing a container that contains a plurality of carbon elements such as granules, rocks and sheets. The carbon elements are submerged with a liquid and a composition that includes an antimicrobial material is deposited in the container. The carbon elements are configured to remove the antimicrobial material from the composition. The level of the liquid in the container is monitored and controlled to maintain a submerged condition of the carbon elements.

A filter for a liquid purifier may include a filter housing having an inlet and an outlet; and a filter module provided in the filter housing, and configured to purify liquid introduced through the inlet, and to supply the purified liquid to the outlet. The filter module may include an electrostatic adsorption nonwoven fabric having a hollow portion. The filter module may be configured to receive the liquid introduced through the inlet is to pass through the electrostatic adsorption nonwoven fabric and then is to discharge out of the outlet of the filter housing.

Formulations and methods for destroying dense non-aqueous phase liquids (DNAPLs) using in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) are provided. In particular, the invention provides slow release formulations comprising oxidants such as percarbonate and persulfate that efficiently destroy DNAPLs e.g. at sites requiring clean-up due to the presence of toxic DNAPL contaminants.

A supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) system with a well-mixed SCWO reactor, a feedstock supplied to the well-mixed SCWO reactor by a feedstock supply line, a recirculation loop flow regulator in fluid communication with the well-mixed SCWO reactor; and a recirculation loop which includes the well-mixed SCWO reactor and the recirculation loop flow regulator, such that the recirculation loop flow regulator receives an oxidant from an oxidant supply line and a first portion of a reactor effluent from the well-mixed SCWO reactor and supplies the oxidant and the first portion of the reactor effluent to the well-mixed SCWO reactor. The SCWO system also includes a heat transfer unit operationally associated with the well-mixed SCWO reactor which performs at least one of: heating the well-mixed SCWO reactor and cooling the well-mixed SCWO reactor.

Methods for increasing hydrophobicity of native water-bearing zones or aquifers comprising the step of permanently embedding non-degradable, solid colloidal materials formed to have a particulate size of less than 10 microns. Exemplary materials include activated carbon, zeolites and hydrophobically treated clays. The particulate colloidal materials are coated with an agent to facilitate their distribution, including anionic polymers, chelating agents or combinations thereof. The materials are applied preferably by low pressure injection and are particularly effective at containing the migration of hydrocarbon contaminants, typically present as a plume, for at least several decades.

Provided herein are processes for the removal and/or recovery of a target metal from a liquid sample, said process comprising: [1] applying acoustic cavitation to the liquid; and [2] adding an iron (II) salt, or a precursor form thereof, to the liquid sample and allowing Fenton oxidation reaction to occur between the iron and hydrogen peroxide in the liquid, thereby producing hydroxyl radicals; thereby producing a target metal salt or metal oxide having a reduced solubility in the liquid sample, leading to removal of the target metal from the liquid sample. The use of metal ligands in such processes is also described, as well as systems for performing such processes. Methods, processes, and systems for removing organic contaminants from a liquid sample are also described.

Devices and associated methods described herein in accordance with embodiments of the present technology can, for example, treat acidity and remove suspended solids and heavy metals from acid mine and acid rock drainage, as well as from other acidic and various aqueous fluids of various pH. The disclosed system includes a cavitation/electro-coagulation reaction chamber, solids separation, and other optional components including a passive media contact reaction chamber, and/or an oxidation/reduction electrode assembly to facilitate or expand upon parameters requiring treatment. The disclosed system can be packaged in small housing units suitable for insertion within mine tunnels or adits, but may also be expanded for large scale applications.