A method for electrolysis-ozone-corrosion inhibitor/electrolysis-ozone-hydrogen peroxide-corrosion inhibitor coupling treatment on toxic and refractory wastewater includes the following steps: adding toxic and refractory wastewater to be treated into a wastewater treatment reaction tank equipped with a plate anode and a plate cathode, and starting a direct current (DC) power supply connected to the plate anode and the plate cathode to treat the toxic and refractory wastewater at an appropriate current density under stirring, during which a corrosion inhibitor and hydrogen peroxide are added to the toxic and refractory wastewater to be treated and ozone is introduced into the toxic and refractory wastewater to be treated through an aeration device. The method can increase the production rate and production quantity of free radicals in a reaction system, effectively improve the treatment efficiency for toxic and refractory wastewater, and reduce the treatment cost.

A method for treating an aqueous fluid containing a biodegradable organic substance in an installation that includes an upflow bioreactor containing a sludge bed, wherein the sludge bed includes biomass, an external separator, and a conditioning tank. The method includes treating the fluid in the conditioning tank; feeding the treated fluid into a lower part of the bioreactor and forming biogas; withdrawing the fluid from an upper part of the bioreactor, which withdrawn fluid includes biomass; feeding the aqueous fluid withdrawn from the upper part of the bioreactor into the external separator, wherein the aqueous fluid that includes the biomass is separated into a liquid phase and a fluid phase enriched in biomass; returning the fluid phase enriched in biomass from the external separator to the bioreactor; and returning a part of the liquid phase to the conditioning tank.

A solid, non-phosphorus water treatment composition can be used for cooling water treatment applications. The composition can include a polycarboxylic acid, a polymeric dispersant, a soluble corrosion inhibitor, and a fluorescent tracer. The composition can define a solid that is devoid of phosphorus and has a pH effective such that, when the composition is dissolved in water at a concentration of 2 weight percent to form a solution, the solution has a pH within a range from 1 to 5.

A method of controlling a volatile fatty acid in an aqueous industrial system is provided in the present disclosure. The method includes determining a level of dissolved oxygen in process water in the aqueous industrial system and adding an effective amount of a control agent to the process water if the determined level of dissolved oxygen is above a predetermined level. The compositions and methods can lower the amount of VFA present in the aqueous industrial system.

Disclosed herein is 4-chamber microbial electrolysis process and apparatus that recovers lignin, NaOH, and H.sub.2 products while removing waste organics from deacetylation and mechanical refining black liquor.

The present disclosure discloses a cellulose nanocrystal-supported sodium alginate adsorbent and use thereof in enriching organic phosphorus in wastewater, belonging to the technical field of environmental engineering. Cellulose nanocrystals are prepared from papermaking deinking sludge through chemical conditioning, drying, crushing, chemical oxidation and microwave assisted separation, and then supported on alginate under weakly acidic conditions to provide the cellulose nanocrystals with the ability to enrich organic phosphorus in wastewater. By using this method, the content of organic phosphorus in the wastewater can be significantly reduced, the total phosphorus in the effluent can be reduced, and the wastewater treatment effluent can satisfy the discharge standard. The enriched organic phosphorus can be recycled as a phosphorus resource through incineration. In addition, the papermaking deinking sludge is made into the product with a high added value, so the applicability of the papermaking deinking sludge is broadened. The present disclosure has high feasibility.

A method for suppressing sedimentation of suspended substances ef the present invention is a method for suppressing sedimentation of suspended substances in water at the bottom of a tank disposed in a water system in papermaking equipment, comprising a step of blowing an oxygen-containing gas into the water, for stirring and aeration; a step of detecting a change with time in existence states of the suspended substances in the tank by the stirring and the aeration; and a control step of feeding at least one of an oxygen-containing gas and a slime control agent to the tank based on the detection result to suppress the sedimentation of the suspended substances in the tank.

A system for the disposal of liquid waste includes a portable container body having an open interior and a liquid waste inlet for receiving liquid waste containing solids. A liquid waste holding tank is provided within the open interior of the portable container body for receiving the liquid waste from the liquid waste inlet. A liquid-solid separator within the open interior of the portable container body produces a solid waste and a separated liquid waste. A conduit directs the liquid waste from the liquid waste holding tank to the liquid-solid separator. An evaporator within the open interior of the portable container body heats the separated liquid waste to evaporate and remove water from the separated liquid waste as water vapor and produces a concentrated liquid waste. A safety containment system prevents the liquid waste from escaping to the environment. A method for disposing of liquid waste is also disclosed.

A method for treating an aqueous fluid comprising a biodegradable organic substance in an installation comprising an upflow bioreactor containing a sludge bed, said sludge bed comprising biomass, an external separator, and a conditioning tank, the method comprising: treating the fluid in the conditioning tank; feeding the treated fluid into a lower part of the bioreactor and forming biogas; withdrawing the fluid from an upper part of the bioreactor, which withdrawn fluid comprises biomass; feeding the aqueous fluid withdrawn from the upper part of the bioreactor into the external separator wherein the aqueous fluid comprising the biomass is separated into a liquid phase, and a fluid phase enriched in biomass; returning said fluid phase enriched in biomass from the external separator to the bioreactor; and returning a part of said liquid phase to the conditioning tank.

A digital twin model based operation and optimization of a reverse osmosis plant uses a data processing system to receive data for a reverse osmosis membrane in a plant that with a plurality of assets. The data processing system can determine a level of performance of the membrane based on the data for the membrane input into a model generated with sa topology indicative of one or more relationships and a flow path between the plurality of assets, predict, based on the model and responsive to the level of performance input into an optimization function for the plant, a time at which the level of performance degrades below a threshold, and provide an indication of the time at which the level of performance degrades below the threshold predicted using the optimization function to cause servicing of the membrane used to process the fluid at the plant.