A liquid treatment device includes a base with a power source, a UV-LED module for providing UV-B or UV-C light to liquid, an LED for providing visible light, and a processor for selectively powering the UV-LED module and the LED, and having a UV transmissive material above the UV-LED module for allowing the UV-B or UV-C band light from the UV-LED module to be transmitted from the base housing, and a liquid storage housing removably coupled to the base housing with a storage portion configured to hold liquid and having a bottom portion comprising a UV transmissive material for allowing the UV-B or UV-C band light from the UV-LED module to be transmitted into the liquid, and an output coupled for restricting outflow of the liquid from the storage portion.

The invention provides a solution for biofouling in HVAC condensate drain systems, including drain pans and drain lines, using ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Embodiments of the invention include one or more of: one or more ultraviolet (UV) radiation sources, positioning mechanisms for the UV radiation sources, and one or more UV radiation source control systems. Specific location of the UV radiation source control system(s) can be proximal to the UV radiation sources, or located remotely.

A ballast water treatment device includes a filtration device and an irradiation device that irradiates, with ultraviolet rays, filtered water that has been filtered. The filtration device is a device that removes 99.999% or more of L-size organisms having a minimum part size of 50 μm or more, and 90% or more of S-size organisms having a minimum part size of 10 μm or more and less than 50 μm. The irradiation device is capable of sterilizing the filtered water at a flow rate of 250 m.sup.3/h and a power consumption of 13 kW to eliminate 90% of S-size organisms immediately after a sterilization treatment.

Various ultraviolet (UV) reactors and their methods of fabrication are disclosed. One exemplary process comprises forming a set of parallel channels in a slab of ultraviolet transparent material. The process also comprises providing a reactor substrate with an input manifold and an output manifold. The process also comprises joining the slab of ultraviolet transparent material and the reactor substrate. The input manifold, output manifold, and set of parallel channels are in fluid communication after the joining step. The process also comprises providing a planar ultraviolet light source isolated from the set of parallel channels by the shaped slab of ultraviolet-transparent material. The set of parallel channels and a defining plane of the planar ultraviolet light source are parallel in the assembled ultraviolet reactor.

An ultra-violet (UV) assembly for treating a fluid with UV light has a housing. A mounting bracket defines a slot and a hollow. A UV source includes: a tab that twist-locks in the slot; a connector that aligns with the hollow; and an RFID tag. An RFID antenna interacts with the RFID tag to emit a RFID tag position signal. A flow switch sends a flow signal. The flow switch includes: a guide; a shaft slidably mounted to the guide; a disc on the shaft; a magnet coupled to the shaft; and a sensor for generating a magnet position signal. During no flow, a spring biases the shaft so that the magnet is positioned to be detected by the sensor. During flow, the flow applies pressure to move the disc and, in turn, the magnet moves to be positioned to not be detected by the sensor.

Pond filter unit and a method for operating a pond filter unit (1). A control unit (12) controls the operation of the pond filter unit (1), including the cleaning cycle of the filter (2′, 2″, 2′″). The pond filter unit (1) further comprises one or more plugs (14) for connecting one or more auxiliary devices, such as a separate pump, one or more additional pond filter units, illumination devices/lamps, air pumps, and/or feed automats. The control unit (12) of the pond filter further controls the one or more auxiliary devices connected to the plugs (14), such as pumps, air pumps, automatic feeding devices based on input settings for each of the one or more auxiliary devices. The control unit (12) further controls the cleaning cycle for cleaning of the filter (2) in the vessel (3). The cleaning cycle comprises a sequence of backwash and/or a mechanical filter cleaning sequence where a filter cleaning motor unit (6) rotates the filter cleaning device (7) in the vessel. During backwash, the valve (8) directs the water to the waste water outlet (11). The filter unit allows to control the one or more auxiliary devices by the pond filter control unit (12), and to coordinate the control of the additional devices in relation to the control of the filter.

An embodiment provides a lamp apparatus, including: at least one filament; an amount of amalgam; a heat-sink assembly connected to the lamp apparatus; and at least one control circuit comprising a heating element and a temperature measurement element connected to the at least one filament, wherein the control circuit varies the electrical power delivered to the heating element, thereby controlling an internal temperature of the lamp apparatus relative to a temperature set point. Other aspects are described and claimed.

A device (10) for dispensing cold water has a modular disinfection system (100) that maintains the water near a dispensing spout (40) in a disinfected condition. The modular disinfection system has an ultraviolet (UV) radiation generator, a fluid entrance (104), a fluid exit (106) and a UV-transparent tube (108) that connects the fluid entrance to the fluid exit and maintains the next water to be dispensed. A housing (70) receives the modular disinfection system with the fluid entrance is vertically above the fluid exit. A control means (80) operates both the UV radiation generator and a valve means that allows water to be dispensed through the dispensing spout.

An ultraviolet irradiation apparatus according to an embodiment includes a reaction tank including an inlet port for introducing to-be-treated water, and a discharge port for discharging to-be-treated water after treatment, a first ultraviolet lamp, and an ultraviolet monitor including an ultraviolet sensor. The first ultraviolet lamp is accommodated in a first protection tube including both end portions fixed in the reaction tank. The ultraviolet monitor is accommodated in a second protection tube, the second protection tube is disposed in parallel to the first protection tube, and both end portions of the second protection tube are fixed in the reaction tank.

A method and system of treating a liquid stream is provided. The water is treated by utilizing a free radical scavenging system and a free radical removal system. The free radical scavenging system can utilize actinic radiation with a free radical precursor compound, such as ammonium persulfate. The free radical removal system can comprise use of a reducing agent. The water may be further treated by utilizing ion exchange media and degasification apparatus. A control system may be utilized to measure and regulate addition of the precursor compound, the intensity of the actinic radiation, and addition of the reducing agent to the water.