An air infiltration system for a hydroelectric plant includes a spillway gate and a linearized cone valve coupled to the spillway gate, the linearized cone valve having a pivotable plate assembly. The spillway gate may be a tainter or Stoney gate and the pivotable plate assembly may have a deflection plate. A method of infiltrating air in water released from an impoundment may include: lifting a spillway gate from a resting position proximate a bottom of a spillway; and pivoting a deflection plate coupled to the gate proximate the bottom of the spillway; wherein water flows through an opening disposed between the deflection plate and the gate and is sprayed into an atmosphere to be oxygenated.

A mobile water re-use system can include a chemical treatment apparatus, at least one weir tank in fluid communication with the chemical treatment apparatus, and two or more settling tanks in fluid communication with each other and at least one of the settling tanks in fluid communication with the weir tank. The weir tank can have a first end, a second end, an internal chamber, and a plurality of baffles that induce turbulent flow of fluid through the internal chamber. The settling tanks can provide, promote, facilitate, result in, and/or induce laminar flow of fluid through at least a portion of the internal chamber. Weir tanks, settling tanks, and method of treating flowback and produced water are also described.

An electroflotation apparatus for removing impurities from waste water is disclosed. The apparatus comprises an electrolytic cell for treating the waste water and generating a flock containing the impurities as well as an outlet pipe having a linear central axis located co-axially with the electrolytic cell for passing the water and flock from the electrolytic cell to a separation area. The outlet pipe comprises a first end connected to the electrolytic cell and having a first diameter, as well as a second end through which the treated water and flock exit the outlet pipe, the second end having a second diameter. A length extends between the first diameter and the second diameter. The ratio of the second diameter to the first diameter is between 1.5:1 and 6:1. The ratio of the length to the first diameter is between 7:1 and 45:1. The outlet pipe reduces the turbulence of the treated water from the electrolytic cell before the treated water is passed to the separation area such that aggregation of the flock in the separation area is increased.

Dehydrator systems having a core dehydrator and a mixing unit are described herein and methods of using the same. The core dehydrator comprises a turbulent flow mixing compartment the turbulent flow mixing compartment with plate openings having a turbulent flow transition zone where linear speed of fluid flow is reduced, a clarifying sediment chamber, where fluid flow is substantially laminar) comprising a plurality of small deflector plaques and a plurality of large deflector plaques and a flocculation pipe. In the turbulent flow transition zone, fluid flow transitions from turbulent flow to laminar flow. The mixing unit comprises a plurality of vertical flocculators. The mixing unit further comprises a rapid mixing manifold. The rapid mixing manifold contains drilling fluids and flocculant polymers.

A hydraulic control and/or safety device, particularly for utility apparatuses or systems or appliances, which is preferably able to carry out a flow shut-off and/or limitation, particularly in the event of fault of the utility apparatus or system or appliance, and/or one or more features that improve the device and/or the apparatus performance. In particular, the device can carry out the function of the fluid treatment, so as to be particularly reliable, as it prevents at least the formation of deposits on its mechanical components designed to limit the water flow.

An algae separation system can comprise a tank comprising an algae separation chamber. The system can comprise a first inlet to supply algae-containing water to a mixing region of the algae separation chamber. The system can comprise a second inlet to supply gas-containing water comprising dissolved gas to the mixing region of the algae separation chamber. The system can comprise a bubble generator in fluid communication with the second inlet, the bubble generator configured to generate a plurality of bubbles from the gas-containing water and to supply the plurality of bubbles to the mixing region to mix with the algae-containing water.

A machine and process for providing a gas liquid mixture are described. The process can include providing a pressurized fluid stream; and subjecting the fluid stream to a series of alternating flow regions that include a plurality of laminar flow regions and turbulent flow regions. The machine can include a flow path from a pressure vessel to an ejection point, where the flow path includes a plurality of alternating flow characteristic regions.

A fluid sterilization device includes: a housing that defines a flow passage extending in a longitudinal direction; a filter provided in the housing and extending in the longitudinal direction; and a light source including a light emitting device that emits ultraviolet light and irradiating a fluid passing through the filter and flowing in a laminar flow state with the ultraviolet light. The filter may be a hollow fiber filter. The light source may be provided to radiate ultraviolet light in the longitudinal direction.

The disclosed technology relates to a water filtration and delivery system for a dialysis unit. The water nitration and delivery system including: a laminarizer, the laminizer producing a laminarizer flow; an ultrafiltration unit, the ultrafiltration unit being placed downstream and connected to the laminarizer, the ultrafiltration unit receiving the laminar flow from the laminarizer; and at least one carbon filter, the at least one carbon filter being placed downstream from the ultrafiltration unit, the at least one carbon filter receiving the laminar flow, wherein the laminar flow causes less stress on internal components of the ultrafiltration unit and the at least one carbon filter.

An apparatus for treating water in a reservoir includes a funnel. A support assembly supports the funnel in a lengthwise upright orientation when the funnel is submerged. A water moving arrangement is arranged to move water through the funnel in a direction from an inlet at an upper end of the funnel towards an outlet at lower end of the funnel.