A water-processing electrochemical reactor that comprises a cylindrical inner anode (73), an outer tubular cathode (74), an intermediate chamber between the anode (73) and the cathode (74) and being crossed by the water, an outer shell (77) surrounding the cathode (74), a water inlet (71) and a water outlet (78), and a gas inlet (80) and gas outlet (79) connected to the outer shell (77) and to the gas chamber. The cathode surrounds the inner anode (73) and is porous to gas. A gas chamber is defined between the cathode (74) and the outer shell (77). The gas chamber contains a gas comprising oxygen and is at an overpressure that forces the gas through the porous cathode (74).

An unwanted matter removal device includes a removal tank 10, a pair of electrodes 31A and 31B disposed in the removal tank 10, a flow path 40 composed of the pair of electrodes 31A and 31B, a Fenton's reagent introduction portion that introduces a Fenton's reagent into the flow path, a liquid introduction portion that introduces a liquid containing an unwanted matter that should be removed into the flow path and a liquid discharge portion that discharges the liquid from the flow path, and the pair of electrodes 31A and 31B are composed of comb-like electrodes.

A method for removing silica from an aqueous solution is provided. The method includes steps of flowing the aqueous solution into an electro-Fenton reactor, wherein the reactor comprises one or more electrodes in a bipolar arrangement positioned between a monopolar iron anode and a monopolar cathode; applying an electric current to the aqueous solution such that silica aggregates form on ferric hydroxide; and removing the silica aggregates from the aqueous solution.

A method of removing chemical contaminants from a composition comprising an active, a solvent, and a contaminant can include providing an initial feed supply, wherein the initial feed supply comprises the active, the solvent, and the contaminant, wherein the contaminant can include 1,4 dioxane, dimethyl dioxane, or a combination thereof; including filtering the initial feed stock through a nanofilter and using reverse osmosis.

Disclosed is a device for selective oxidation of macromolecular organic pollutants using free radicals produced in a heterogeneous Fenton reaction. The device includes a heterogeneous Fenton reaction unit and an electrochemical cell. The heterogeneous Fenton reaction unit includes a reactor and an anion exchange membrane. The anion exchange membrane is disposed in the reactor and separates the reactor into a first chamber and a second chamber. The first chamber is filled with a catalyst and the wastewater to be treated; and the second chamber is filled with a dielectric material. The electrochemical cell is configured to supply an electric field to the reactor, so that organic acids generated by a heterogeneous Fenton reaction move from the first chamber into the second chamber.

A method for differentially lysing a liquid sample or target material using an augmented oxidizing agent (AOA), which includes a quantity of electronically modified oxygen derivatives (EMODs). The method reduces or eliminates total dissolved solids (TDS), total suspended solids (TSS), Biologic Oxygen Demand (BOD), microbial concentration, biofilms and other content in the liquid target material known or suspected to contain animal fluids, blood and blood cells and suspected or known to contain eukaryotic cells, microbial cells, bacteria, viruses, spores, fungi, prions, organic matter, minerals, proteins or associated structures. The BOD, TDS and TSS can be lowered or eliminated as desired. This action is directly proportional to the quantity of EMODs in the AOS applied to the liquid target material.

Provided herein are processes for the removal and/or recovery of a target metal from a liquid sample, said process comprising: [1] applying acoustic cavitation to the liquid; and [2] adding an iron (II) salt, or a precursor form thereof, to the liquid sample and allowing Fenton oxidation reaction to occur between the iron and hydrogen peroxide in the liquid, thereby producing hydroxyl radicals; thereby producing a target metal salt or metal oxide having a reduced solubility in the liquid sample, leading to removal of the target metal from the liquid sample. The use of metal ligands in such processes is also described, as well as systems for performing such processes. Methods, processes, and systems for removing organic contaminants from a liquid sample are also described.

A method for differentially lysing a liquid sample or target material using an augmented oxidizing agent (AOA), which includes a quantity of electronically modified oxygen derivatives (EMODs). The method reduces or eliminates total dissolved solids (IDS), total suspended solids (TSS), Biologic Oxygen Demand (BOD), microbial concentration, biofilms and other content in the liquid target material known or suspected to contain animal fluids, blood and blood cells and suspected or known to contain eukaryotic cells, microbial cells, bacteria, viruses, spores, fungi, prions, organic matter, minerals, proteins or associated structures. The BOD, TDS and TSS can be lowered or eliminated as desired. This action is directly proportional to the quantity of EMODs in the AOS applied to the liquid target material.

A method of remediating groundwater by injection a first aqueous solution and then a second aqueous solution into a well situated within the area of the groundwater to be remediated. The first aqueous solution comprises an iron ligand while the second aqueous solution comprises an oxidizing agent. It is envisioned that the ppm ratio of the iron ligand to oxidizing agent ranges from about 0.0005 to about 0.1.

The present invention discloses an electrocatalytic Fenton oxidation-electrochemical oxidation coupling process and apparatus for efficient treatment of chemical wastewater, and belongs to the field of sewage treatment. The process includes an electrocatalytic Fenton oxidation step, an electrochemical oxidation step, and a pH adjustment step. A spacing between a cathode and an anode in the electrocatalytic Fenton oxidation step is controlled, so that oxygen produced at the anode reacts at the cathode to produce H.sub.2O.sub.2. The treatment requirements can be met without external aeration or external addition of H.sub.2O.sub.2, and meanwhile, the efficiency of COD removal by electro-Fenton oxidation is effectively improved. Further, by connecting a pH adjusting tank with the electrocatalytic Fenton oxidation-electrochemical oxidation coupling apparatus in series, a coupling treatment process with near-zero production of iron sludge is realized