The present disclosure relates to an advancing device and an advancing method for an electrode of an electronic glass furnace. The advancing device includes a driving gear, a plurality of driven gears, a driving motor, a plurality of connecting assemblies, and a fixing and moving assembly. The plurality of driven gears engages with the driving gear. The plurality of driven gears and the driving gear are rotatably connected to the fixing and moving assembly. One end of a central shaft of the driving gear is connected to the driving motor. One end of a central shaft of each of the plurality of driven gears away from the driving motor are connected to each of the plurality of connecting assemblies, respectively. The plurality of driven gears are connected to advancing screws corresponding to a plurality of electrodes of the electronic glass furnace via the plurality of connecting assemblies and perform synchronous driving.