A continuous sol-gel process for producing silicate-containing glasses and glass ceramics is proposed, comprising the following steps: (a) continuously feeding a silicon tetraalkoxide, a silicon alkoxide with at least one non-alcoholic functional group and an alcohol into a first reactor (R1), and at least partially hydrolyzing by the addition of a mineral acid to obtain a first product stream (A); (b) continuously providing a second product stream (B) in a second reactor (R2) by feeding a metal alkoxide component or continuously mixing an alcohol and a metal alkoxide component; (c) continuously mixing product streams (A) and (B) in a third reactor (R3) for producing a presol to obtain a third product stream (C); (d) continuously adding water or a diluted acid to the product stream (C) to obtain a sol (gelation); (e) continuously filling the emerging sol into molds to obtain an aquagel; (f) drying the aquagels to obtain xerogels; (g) sintering the xerogels to obtain silicate-containing glasses and glass ceramics.

A continuous sol-gel process for producing silicate-containing glasses and glass ceramics is proposed, comprising the following steps: (a) continuously feeding a silicon tetraalkoxide, a silicon alkoxide with at least one non-alcoholic functional group and an alcohol into a first reactor (R1), and at least partially hydrolyzing by the addition of a mineral acid to obtain a first product stream (A); (b) continuously providing a second product stream (B) in a second reactor (R2) by feeding a metal alkoxide component or continuously mixing an alcohol and a metal alkoxide component; (c) continuously mixing product streams (A) and (B) in a third reactor (R3) for producing a presol to obtain a third product stream (C); (d) continuously adding water or a diluted acid to the product stream (C) to obtain a sol (gelation); (e) continuously filling the emerging sol into molds to obtain an aquagel; (f) drying the aquagels to obtain xerogels; (g) sintering the xerogels to obtain silicate-containing glasses and glass ceramics.

A glass tube element having a hollow cylindrical section with a shell having an outer diameter is provided. A first ratio is a difference value to a mean value. The difference value is a difference of a minimal and maximal value of the outer diameter. The mean value is a mean of the minimal and maximal values. A sub-section having a start, an end, and a distance of 1 meter measured along a straight line from the start to the end and intersecting with a center axis of the sub-section at the start and the end. The sub-section having, for every point of the center axis, a shortest distance to the straight line. A second ratio of a specific distance to 1 meter, the specific distance being defined as a largest of all shortest distances. A product of the first and second ratio is smaller than 4×10.sup.−6.

The present invention relates to an energy storage device comprising a silicate comprises a formula:
M.sub.vM1.sub.wM2.sub.xSi.sub.yO.sub.z
where M is selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, K, Al, and Mg M1 is selected from the group consisting of alkaline metals, alkaline earth metals, Ti, Mn, Fe, La, Zr, Ce, Ta, Nb, V and combinations thereof; M2 is selected from the group consisting of B, Al, Ga, Ge or combinations thereof; v, y and z are greater than 0; w and/or x is greater than 0; y≥x; and wherein M.sub.vM1.sub.wM2.sub.xSi.sub.yO.sub.z accounts for at least 90 wt % of the composition.

The present invention relates to an energy storage device comprising a silicate comprises a formula:
M.sub.vM1.sub.wM2.sub.xSi.sub.yO.sub.z
where M is selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, K, Al, and Mg M1 is selected from the group consisting of alkaline metals, alkaline earth metals, Ti, Mn, Fe, La, Zr, Ce, Ta, Nb, V and combinations thereof; M2 is selected from the group consisting of B, Al, Ga, Ge or combinations thereof; v, y and z are greater than 0; w and/or x is greater than 0; y≥x; and wherein M.sub.vM1.sub.wM2.sub.xSi.sub.yO.sub.z accounts for at least 90 wt % of the composition.

The present invention relates a molded composite material and a method and process for creating the composite material from either recycled low grade mixed glass cullet or new glass. The composite material including; crushed glass; one or more aluminium compounds selected from oxide and hydrate at combined 0.40%-0.78% weight per weight of the glass; oxides of silicon, boron, sodium, calcium and potassium at combined 1.27%-1.90% weight per weight of the glass; zirconium silicate at 0.48%-1.3% weight per weight of the glass; and optionally tin oxide at 0%-0.45% weight per weight of the glass. The composite of the present invention can be used for making tiles, bench tops, work surfaces or other similar types of building products. The use of low grade mixed glass can also help reduce the amount of used glass being dumped in landfill or used in other low value enterprises such as providing highway aggregate or landfill cover.

Asymmetrically strengthened glass articles, methods for producing the same, and use of the articles in portable electronic device is disclosed. Using a budgeted amount of compressive stress and tensile stress, asymmetric chemical strengthening is optimized for the utility of a glass article. In some aspects, the strengthened glass article can be designed for reduced damage, or damage propagation, when dropped.

Asymmetrically strengthened glass articles, methods for producing the same, and use of the articles in portable electronic device is disclosed. Using a budgeted amount of compressive stress and tensile stress, asymmetric chemical strengthening is optimized for the utility of a glass article. In some aspects, the strengthened glass article can be designed for reduced damage, or damage propagation, when dropped.

A dielectric tape suitable for use in an electronic device is provided. A dielectric slip composition comprises an organic vehicle and a dielectric glass composition comprising at least about 20 wt % and no more than about 50 wt % silicon dioxide, based upon 100% total weight of the glass composition, at least about 10 wt % and no more than about 50 wt % alkali metal oxides, based upon 100% total weight of the glass composition, and at least about 1 wt % and no more than about 10 wt % of at least one transition metal oxide. A method of forming an electronic device is also provided. The method includes the steps of applying at least one dielectric tape to at least one non-planar surface of a substrate, and subjecting the at least one dielectric tape to one or more thermal treatment steps to form a dielectric layer.

A dielectric tape suitable for use in an electronic device is provided. A dielectric slip composition comprises an organic vehicle and a dielectric glass composition comprising at least about 20 wt % and no more than about 50 wt % silicon dioxide, based upon 100% total weight of the glass composition, at least about 10 wt % and no more than about 50 wt % alkali metal oxides, based upon 100% total weight of the glass composition, and at least about 1 wt % and no more than about 10 wt % of at least one transition metal oxide. A method of forming an electronic device is also provided. The method includes the steps of applying at least one dielectric tape to at least one non-planar surface of a substrate, and subjecting the at least one dielectric tape to one or more thermal treatment steps to form a dielectric layer.