A glass composition includes, as main content components, by mass %, a TeO.sub.2 content percentage of 50% to 80%, a Bi.sub.2O.sub.3 content percentage of 0% to 30%, a WO.sub.3 content percentage of 0% to 30%, a ZnO content percentage of 0% to 30%, a BaO content percentage of 0% to 30%, a GeO.sub.2 content percentage of 0% to 30%, and a Ga.sub.2O.sub.3 content percentage of 0% to 30%, wherein at least any one of additive target elements is introduced, the additive target elements including, Si.sup.4+ of 1 mg/kg to 1,500 mg/kg, B.sup.3+ of 1 mg/kg to 1,500 mg/kg, P.sup.5+ of 1 mg/kg to 1,500 mg/kg, Li.sup.+ of 1 mg/kg to 1,500 mg/kg, Na.sup.+ of 1 mg/kg to 1,500 mg/kg, K.sup.+ of 1 mg/kg to 1,500 mg/kg, Mg.sup.2+ of 1 mg/kg to 1,500 mg/kg, Ca.sup.2+ of 1 mg/kg to 1,500 mg/kg, Al.sup.3+ of 1 mg/kg to 1,500 mg/kg, and Sr.sup.2+ of 1 mg/kg to 1,500 mg/kg.

A lead-free low-melting glass composition containing vanadium oxide, tellurium oxide, silver oxide and lithium oxide, said composition satisfying the following two relational expressions (1) and (2) in terms of oxides.

[Ag.sub.2O]≥[TeO.sub.2]≥[V.sub.2O.sub.5]≥[Li.sub.2O]  (1)

2[V.sub.2O.sub.5]≥[Ag.sub.2O]+[Li.sub.2O]≥40  (2)

(In the formula, [X] represents a content of component X, and the unit thereof is “mol %”; the same applies hereinafter.) Thus, it is possible to provide a lead-free low-melting glass composition which enables sealing and adhesion at around the melting point (232° C.) of tin and which has high adhesiveness and stickiness.

A joint joins an alloy member to a ceramic member via a glass joining agent, which is joined to the alloy member by a material bonded joint and to the ceramic member by a further material bonded joint. The glass joining agent is made of a glass having a melting point below 800° C.; a coefficient of thermal expansion of at least 9-10.sup.−6 K.sup.−1 and a bismuth content of at least 10%. The alloy member has a coefficient of thermal expansion of at least 9-10.sup.−6 K.sup.−1. The ceramic member has a maximum coefficient of thermal expansion of 8-10.sup.−6 K.sup.−1. The material bonded joint defines a mixing region that is a partial region of the ceramic member, and the bismuth content in the mixing region is higher than that of the ceramic member outside the mixing region.

Intermediate temperature metallization pastes containing vanadium are disclosed. The metallization pastes can be used to fabricate electrodes interconnected to a transparent conductor.

Optically transparent glass ceramic materials comprising a glass phase containing and a crystalline tungsten bronze phase comprising nanoparticles and having the formula M.sub.xWO.sub.3, where M includes at least one H, Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Ca, Sr, Ba, Zn, Cu, Ag, Sn, Cd, In, Tl, Pb, Bi, Th, La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, and U, and where 0<x<1. Aluminosilicate and zinc-bismuth-borate glasses comprising at least one of Sm.sub.2O.sub.3, Pr.sub.2O.sub.3, and Er.sub.2O.sub.3 are also provided.

Intermediate temperature metallization pastes containing vanadium are disclosed. The metallization pastes can be used to fabricate electrodes interconnected to a transparent conductor.

The present invention provides a thick-film paste for printing the front side of a solar cell device having one or more insulating layers. The thick-film paste comprises an electrically conductive metal, and a lead-tellurium-lithium-oxide dispersed in an organic medium.

Provided is an optical cap component that can give good sensitivity to an infrared light absorption-based optical gas sensor. An optical cap component includes: a window member formed of a lens-shaped infrared transmitting glass; and a cap member including a cylindrical sidewall portion having openings on both a distal end side and a base end side, wherein the window member is fixed to cover the opening on the distal end side of the cap member.

A glass frit includes Bi.sub.2O.sub.3 and has a glass transition temperature (Tg) in a range of 280° C. to 320° C. A display device includes the glass frit including Bi.sub.2O.sub.3 and the glass transition temperature (Tg) in the range of 280° C. to 320° C. The display device shows excellent internal reliability and drop strength.

Intermediate temperature metallization pastes containing vanadium are disclosed. The metallization pastes can be used to fabricate electrodes interconnected to a transparent conductor.