The present invention relates to a conductive paste for forming a conductive track on a substrate, the paste comprising a solids portion dispersed in an organic medium, the solids portion comprising an electrically conductive material, particles of a glass fit and particles of a tellurium compound. The invention further relates to methods for preparing such a paste, to a method of manufacturing an electrode on a surface of a solar cell, and to a solar cell having an electrode formed thereon.

A method of forming metallic nanoparticles in glass is disclosed that creates evenly distributed metallic nanoparticles with desired size in any glass type.

Formation of a source of electrons trapped on the surface of the glass particles by crushing and grinding glass material into powder followed by heat treatment of the glass powder to neutralise metal ions doped in the glass by the trapped source of electrons, followed by the aggregation and growth of the metal into nanoparticles. The present method allows the homogeneous distribution of metal nanoparticles throughout the glass volume. The size and concentration of the metallic nanoparticles is controlled by the heat treatment temperature and duration as well as the amount of metal ions.

A UV-transmitting glass formed of a multi-component oxide, and having at least one of characteristics of an internal transmittance .sub.350-400(%) with respect to light having a wavelength between 350 nm and 400 nm through a 10 mm-thick glass that satisfies .sub.350-40090 (1); an internal transmittance .sub.300-350(%) with respect to light having a wavelength between 300 nm and 350 nm through a 10 mm-thick glass that satisfies .sub.300-35075 (2); and an internal transmittance .sub.260-300(%) with respect to light having a wavelength between 260 nm and 300 nm through a 10 mm-thick glass that satisfies .sub.260-30045 (3).

The present invention relates to a glass, in particular a glass for joining glass panes in order to produce vacuum insulated glasses at processing temperatures of 450 C., to the corresponding composite glass, and to the corresponding glass paste. The present invention further relates to a vacuum insulated glass produced by means of the glass paste according to the invention, to the production process thereof, and to the use of the glass according to the invention or of the composite glass and of the glass paste. The glass according to the invention is characterized in that said glass comprises the following components in wt %: TeO.sub.2V.sub.2O.sub.5 glass in the range of 60-100 wt %, high temperature glasses, selected from the group consisting of lead glass, bismuth glass, zinc glass, barium glass, calcium glass, alkali silicate glass, in the range of 0-20 wt %, and reactive oxides, selected from the group consisting of Al.sub.2O.sub.3, Y.sub.2O.sub.3, La.sub.2O.sub.3, ZnO, Bi.sub.2O.sub.3, SiO.sub.2, ZrO.sub.2, zircon, Nb.sub.2O.sub.5, V.sub.2O.sub.5, TeO.sub.2, CeO.sub.2, SnO, SnO.sub.2, FeO, MnO, Cr.sub.2O.sub.3, CoO, oxide pigments, or a combination thereof, in the range of 0-20 wt %.

The present invention relates to a tellurium-oxide-based glass composition for forming a glass-to-metal seal to alloys or metals having a coefficient of thermal expansion higher than 16 ppm/ C., said composition comprising TeO.sub.2, ZnO, TiO.sub.2 and optionally K.sub.2O and being essentially free of lead oxide, sodium oxide and vanadium oxide. In addition it relates to the use of the glass composition according to the invention to form a glass-to-metal seal between copper or a copper alloy and an alloy or a metal having a coefficient of thermal expansion higher than 16 ppm/ C., in particular aluminum alloys. It furthermore relates to a connector comprising a contact made of copper or of copper alloy, an insert and/or shell made of a metal or alloy having a coefficient of thermal expansion higher than 16 ppm/ C. and, by way of glass-to-metal sealant between the contact and the insert and/or shell, a tellurium-oxide-based glass having the composition according to the invention. Lastly, it relates to a process for forming a glass-to-metal seal between a contact made of copper or of copper alloy and an insert and/or shell made of metal or alloy having a coefficient of thermal expansion higher than 16 ppm/ C.

An object of the invention is to provide a multilayer glass which can be manufactured by a simple process. To solve the above problem, the multilayer glass according to the invention includes a first glass substrate, a second glass substrate that faces the first glass substrate at an interval of a predetermined space, and a sealing part that seals a periphery of an internal space defined by the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate. The sealing part is formed with a sealing material containing low melting point glass. The internal space is in a vacuum state. The first glass substrate includes an exhaust port that is provided to be included in a projection part of the sealing part when being projected in a lamination direction of the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate. The exhaust port is blocked by the sealing material (see FIG. 3).

A composition for diamond sawn wafer solar cell electrodes, a diamond sawn wafer solar cell electrode, and method of manufacturing a diamond sawn wafer solar cell, the composition including a conductive powder; a glass frit; and an organic vehicle, wherein the glass frit includes about 10 mol % to about 30 mol % of tellurium oxide, about 10 mol % to about 20 mol % of lithium oxide, and about 5 mol % to about 15 mol % of magnesium oxide.

The present disclosure provides a glass ceramic composite electrolyte comprising gadolinium doped ceria and glass composite with desired ionic conductivity in the temperature range of 400 to 600 C., suitable for applications in solid oxide fuel cells. Also disclosed is a process for the preparation of the glass ceramic composite electrolyte.

A composition for solar cell electrodes, a solar cell electrode, and a method of manufacturing a solar cell, the composition including a conductive powder; a glass frit; and an organic vehicle, wherein the conductive powder includes a first silver powder having a cross-sectional particle porosity of about 0.1% to about 6%.

There is provided a gas trapping material and vacuum heat insulation equipment where the gas trapping material can be activated in a sealing step of the vacuum heat insulation equipment, and production efficiency can be enhanced by maintaining a high gas trapping characteristic even when a gas is released in a baking step or in a sealing step under an air atmosphere. The gas trapping material contains porous metal oxide and silver particles having an average particle size of 0.5 nm to 100 nm inclusive.