A method and/or system is provided for detecting and/or identifying inclusions (e.g., nickel sulfide based inclusions/defects) in glass such as soda-lime-silica based float glass. In certain example instances, during and/or after the glass-making process, following the stage in the float process where the glass sheet is formed and floated on a molten material (e.g., tin bath) and cooled or allowed to cool such as via an annealing lehr, energy such as infrared (IR) energy is directed at the resulting glass and reflectance at various wavelengths is analyzed to detect inclusions.

The present disclosure relates to a glass having a refractive index of at least 1.7 as well as the use of the glass as a cladding glass of a solid-state laser. The disclosure also relates to a laser component comprising a core of doped sapphire and a cladding glass being placed on said core. The cladding glass is arranged on said core such that light exiting from the core due to parasitic laser activity can enter the cladding glass and can be absorbed there. Thus, a laser component with improved efficiency is obtained. The present disclosure also relates to a method for producing the laser component.

An alkali-free glass has a strain point of 650 C. or more, an average coefficient of thermal expansion at 50 to 350 C. of from 3010.sup.7 to 4510.sup.7/ C., and a temperature T.sub.2 at which a glass viscosity reaches 10.sup.2 dPa.Math.s of from 1,500 to 1,800 C. The alkali-free glass contains, as represented by mol % based on oxides, SiO.sub.2: from 62 to 70%, Al.sub.2O.sub.3: from 9 to 16% B.sub.2O.sub.3: from 0 to 12%, MgO: from 3 to 10%, CaO: from 4 to 12%, SrO: from 0 to 6%, and Fe.sub.2O.sub.3: from 0.001 to 0.04%, provided that MgO+CaO+SrO+BaO is from 12 to 25%. The alkali-free glass has a -OH value of from 0.35 to 0.85/mm.

The present invention relates to a black quartz glass comprising Si of 0.5 to 10 mass %, SiO of 0.1 to 5 mass % and SiO.sub.2 of the residue, wherein the SCE reflectance at a wavelength of 350 nm to 750 nm is 10% or less; a method for producing the black quartz glass, comprising: pressure-molding a powder obtained by mixing and consolidating (1) fumed silica, or (2) a mixture powder of fumed silica and a synthetic silica powder, or (3) a mixture powder of fumed silica, spherical silica and a synthetic silica powder, with a Si powder of 0.5 to 10 mass % and a SiO powder of 0.1 to 5 mass %, and heating and sintering the pressure-molded product in the atmosphere; and a product comprising a black quartz glass member made of the black quartz glass. The present invention allows to provide a black quartz glass which has an excellent light-shielding property, has no risk of causing contamination in a step of using it, has sufficient color uniformity when the size is enlarged, and is capable of producing a large ingot, and to provide a method for producing the black quartz glass with excellent productivity even in the large ingot, and to provide a black quartz glass product made of the black quartz glass.

Embodiments of a glass-ceramic, glass-ceramic article or glass-ceramic window that includes 40 mol %SiO.sub.280 mol %; 1 mol %Al.sub.2O.sub.315 mol %; 3 mol %B.sub.2O.sub.350 mol %; 0 mol %R.sub.2O15 mol %; 0 mol %RO2 mol %; 0 mol %P.sub.2O.sub.53 mol %; 0 mol %SnO.sub.20.5 mol %; 0.1 mol %MoO.sub.315 mol %; and 0 mol %WO.sub.310 mol % (or 0 mol %<MoO.sub.315 mol %; 0.1 mol %WO.sub.310 mol %; and 0.01 mol %V.sub.2O.sub.50.2 mol %), wherein the WO.sub.3 (mol %) plus the MoO.sub.3 (mol %) is from 1 mol % to 19 mol %, and wherein R.sub.2O (mol %) minus the Al.sub.2O.sub.3 (mol %) is from 12 mol % to 4 mol %, are disclosed.

A glass-ceramic includes a silicate-containing glass and crystals within the silicate-containing glass. The crystals include non-stoichiometric tungsten and/or molybdenum sub-oxides, and the crystals are intercalated with dopant cations.

A detection device includes (a) a LiDAR sensing device and (b) a housing enclosing the LiDAR sensing device, the housing including at least one cover lens. At least a portion of the cover lens is made of at least one glass sheet having an absorption coefficient lower than 5 m.sup.1 in the wavelength range from 750 to 1650 nm. The cover lens helps to protect the LiDAR sensing device from external degradation.

A method for controlling the evaporation of the liquid ingredients contained in the container by changing the composition of the glassware and glassware. Containing of the oxides effective for far-infrared radiation as the constituents in the glassware composed mainly by silica in following by contacting the liquids ingredients contained in the container with their glassware, controls the evaporation of liquids ingredients. The 5-40 mass % of the oxides effective for far-infrared radiation such as transparent oxides such as titanium oxide, zinc oxide, etc., or the 1-10 mass % of oxides of either transition metal oxides such as iron oxide, cobalt oxide, etc. or rare earth oxides such as neodymium oxide, cerium oxide, etc. for coloring, may be contained in said glassware.

A glass-ceramic includes a silicate-containing glass and crystals within the silicate-containing glass. The crystals include non-stoichiometric tungsten and/or molybdenum sub-oxides, and the crystals are intercalated with dopant cations.

A glass sheet contains, as represented by mass percentage based on oxides, SiO.sub.2: 65 to 75%, Al.sub.2O.sub.3: 0 to 20%, MgO: 0 to 5%, CaO: 2 to 20%, Na.sub.2O: 5 to 20%, K.sub.2O: 0 to 10%, total iron in terms of Fe.sub.2O.sub.3: 0.2 to 1.0%, and TiO.sub.2: 0.65 to 1.5%. The glass sheet has a ratio of the content of MgO to RO of 0.20 or less denoting RO as a total amount of MgO, CaO, SrO and BaO, and a mass ratio of divalent iron in terms of Fe.sub.2O.sub.3 to the total iron in terms of Fe.sub.2O.sub.3 of from 30 to 57%. The glass sheet has a visible light transmittance Tv_A of 65% or more, a solar transmittance Te of 50% or less, and a dominant wavelength Dw of transmitted light of from 508 to 580 nm, in terms of a 3.9-mm thickness of the glass sheet.