The present disclosure discloses a lithium and tellurium-silicate binary glass-oxide-complex system and a conductive paste containing the complex system, and belongs to the technical field of solar cells. The present disclosure uses a “functional modularity” strategy in the formula design of a glass-oxide-complex system (GOC). Alkali metal ions with high migration and reactivity are separated from a glass body with high fluidity, thus a binary complex system is constructed, that is, a lithium-containing glass-oxide-complex (Li-GOC) with high activity and a tellurium-silica-containing glass-oxide-complex (Si—Te-GOC) with high fluidity. Through the modularized formula strategy, active ingredients can be better controlled, so as to obtain more balanced contact and open circuit voltage and improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of a solar cell.

The present disclosure discloses a silicon-lithium-lead system, a conductive paste and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the field of solar cells. A silicon-lead-lithium oxide frit includes the following composition: Si.sub.a—Pb.sub.b—Li.sub.c—(B.sub.x—Al.sub.y—Bi.sub.z)—M.sub.e—O.sub.f, where, 0<a<0.6, 0<b<0.8, 0<c<0.6, x+y+z=d, the x and the y are not zero at the same time, and the z is greater than zero. In the present disclosure, by adding B.sub.2O.sub.3 and Bi.sub.2O.sub.3, Al.sub.2O.sub.3 and Bi.sub.2O.sub.3, or B.sub.2O.sub.3, Al.sub.2O.sub.3 and Bi.sub.2O.sub.3 at the same time, the prepared frit has greater water resistance, and therefore, a solar cell prepared by using the conductive paste containing glass has good water resistance. In addition, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell prepared by using the conductive paste prepared in the present disclosure can also be maintained, or even be slightly improved.

The present disclosure discloses a silicon-lithium-lead system, a conductive paste and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the field of solar cells. A silicon-lead-lithium oxide frit includes the following composition: Si.sub.a—Pb.sub.b—Li.sub.c—(B.sub.x—Al.sub.y—Bi.sub.z)—M.sub.e—O.sub.f, where, 0<a<0.6, 0<b<0.8, 0<c<0.6, x+y+z=d, the x and the y are not zero at the same time, and the z is greater than zero. In the present disclosure, by adding B.sub.2O.sub.3 and Bi.sub.2O.sub.3, Al.sub.2O.sub.3 and Bi.sub.2O.sub.3, or B.sub.2O.sub.3, Al.sub.2O.sub.3 and Bi.sub.2O.sub.3 at the same time, the prepared frit has greater water resistance, and therefore, a solar cell prepared by using the conductive paste containing glass has good water resistance. In addition, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell prepared by using the conductive paste prepared in the present disclosure can also be maintained, or even be slightly improved.

The present disclosure discloses a lithium-tellurium silicon-lead bismuth multi-component glass-oxide-complex system and conductive paste containing same, belonging to the technical field of solar cells. According to the present disclosure, a “functional modularization” strategy is adopted in a formula design of the glass-oxide-complex system, and glass oxide systems with selective reactivity for different passivation layers are compounded based on the structures, compositions and thicknesses of the passivation layers, so that a paste formula is developed, which is composed of lithium-containing, tellurium-silicon-containing and lead-containing glass oxides. Due to adoption of the modularized formula strategy, active ingredients can be better controlled, and the overall paste formula is more optimized, so that the laminated passivation layers can be selectively burned through to obtain a more balanced contact, and better battery performance on silicon wafers with different passivation layer thicknesses can be achieved, thus achieving excellent photoelectric conversion efficiency.

A method for manufacturing a glass panel unit includes an adhesive disposing step, a glass composite generation step, an internal space forming step, an evacuation step, and an evacuated space forming step. The adhesive disposing step includes disposing a thermal adhesive on a second panel. The glass composite generation step includes generating a glass composite including a first panel, the second panel, and the thermal adhesive. The internal space forming step includes heating the glass composite to melt the thermal adhesive to form internal spaces (a first space and a second space). The evacuation step includes exhausting gas from the internal space to evacuate the internal space. The evacuated space forming step includes heating and applying force to part of a first portion or a second portion to deform the part to close an evacuation path to form an evacuated space hermetically closed.

Proposed is a conductive paste for a solar cell electrode. The conductive paste includes a metal powder, a glass frit, and an organic vehicle. The glass frit includes an alkali metal oxide, and the metal powder includes an alkali component.

The present disclosure discloses a lithium and tellurium-silicate binary glass-oxide-complex system and a conductive paste containing the complex system, and belongs to the technical field of solar cells. The present disclosure uses a “functional modularity” strategy in the formula design of a glass-oxide-complex system (GOC). Alkali metal ions with high migration and reactivity are separated from a glass body with high fluidity, thus a binary complex system is constructed, that is, a lithium-containing glass-oxide-complex (Li-GOC) with high activity and a tellurium-silica-containing glass-oxide-complex (Si—Te-GOC) with high fluidity. Through the modularized formula strategy, active ingredients can be better controlled, so as to obtain more balanced contact and open circuit voltage and improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of a solar cell.

The present disclosure discloses a lithium and tellurium-silicate binary glass-oxide-complex system and a conductive paste containing the complex system, and belongs to the technical field of solar cells. The present disclosure uses a “functional modularity” strategy in the formula design of a glass-oxide-complex system (GOC). Alkali metal ions with high migration and reactivity are separated from a glass body with high fluidity, thus a binary complex system is constructed, that is, a lithium-containing glass-oxide-complex (Li-GOC) with high activity and a tellurium-silica-containing glass-oxide-complex (Si—Te-GOC) with high fluidity. Through the modularized formula strategy, active ingredients can be better controlled, so as to obtain more balanced contact and open circuit voltage and improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of a solar cell.

A mixed silver powder and a conductive paste comprising the powder are disclosed. The mixed silver powder is obtained by mixing two or more spherical silver powders having different properties from each other. The mixed powder may minimize the disadvantages of the respective types of the two or more powders and maximize the advantages thereof, thereby improving the characteristics of products. In addition, by comprehensively controlling the particle size distribution of surface-treated mixed silver powder and the particle diameter and specific gravity of primary particles, a high-density conductor pattern, a precise line pattern, and the suppression of aggregation over time can be simultaneously achieved.

A mixed silver powder and a conductive paste comprising the powder are disclosed. The mixed silver powder is obtained by mixing two or more spherical silver powders having different properties from each other. The mixed powder may minimize the disadvantages of the respective types of the two or more powders and maximize the advantages thereof, thereby improving the characteristics of products. In addition, by comprehensively controlling the particle size distribution of surface-treated mixed silver powder and the particle diameter and specific gravity of primary particles, a high-density conductor pattern, a precise line pattern, and the suppression of aggregation over time can be simultaneously achieved.