The present invention relates to a glass ceramic having a lithium aluminosilicate composition and including a crystal and a residual glass, in which the residual glass has a composition including, in terms of mol % based on oxides: 25% to 70% of SiO.sub.2; 3% to 35% of Al.sub.2O.sub.3; 0.1% to 20% of Li.sub.2O; 0.1% to 20% of Na.sub.2O; 0% to 10% of K.sub.2O; and 1% to 15% of ZrO.sub.2, and a parameter V is −600 or more and 720 or less, the parameter V being calculated based on the following formula: V=49.589×[SiO.sub.2]+61.806×[Al.sub.2O.sub.3]+45.456×[P.sub.2O.sub.5]+41.151×[MgO]+110.26×[CaO]+50.263×[SrO]+55.693×[Li.sub.2O]+3.598×[Na.sub.2O]+9.503×[K.sub.2O]+6.83×[TiO.sub.2]−2.885×[ZrO.sub.2]−3746.99.

A compositional range of manganese aluminosilicate glass-ceramics with high durability, and methods for making the same, are described herein. The glass-ceramics can be used in conjunction with electronic devices, such as in protective exteriors for such devices. The glass-ceramics can be characterized as having ring-on-ring strengths of at least 300 MPa and fracture toughnesses of at least 1.5 MPa.Math.m.sup.1/2.

Embodiments of a transparent glass-based material comprising a glass phase and a second phase that is different from and is dispersed in the glass phase are provided. The second phase may comprise a crystalline or a nanocrystalline phase, a fiber, and/or glass particles. In some embodiments, the second phase is crystalline. In one or more embodiments, the glass-based material has a transmittance of at least about 88% over a visible spectrum ranging from about 400 nm to about 700 nm and a fracture toughness of at least about 0.9 MPa.Math.m.sup.1/2, and wherein a surface of the glass-based material, when scratched with a Knoop diamond at a load of at least 5 N to form a scratch having a width w, is free of chips having a size of greater than 3 w.

Disclosed herein are glass-ceramics having crystalline phases including β-spodumene ss and either (i) pseudobrookite or (ii) vanadium or vanadium containing compounds so as to be colored and opaque glass-ceramics having coordinates, determined from total reflectance—specular included—measurements, in the CIELAB color space of the following ranges: L*=from about 20 to about 45; a*=from about −2 to about +2; and b*=from about −12 to about +1. Such CIELAB color space coordinates can be substantially uniform throughout the glass-ceramics. In each of the proceeding, β-quartz ss can be substantially absent from the crystalline phases. If present, β-quartz ss can be less than about 20 wt % or, alternatively, less than about 15 wt % of the crystalline phases. Also Further crystalline phases might include spinel ss (e.g., hercynite and/or gahnite-hercynite ss), rutile, magnesium zinc phosphate, or spinel ss (e.g., hercynite and/or gahnite-hercynite ss) and rutile.

A high-hardness transparent glass ceramic and a preparation method therefor, wherein the components by weight percentage include: 55.0%-70.0% of SiO.sub.2, 15.0%-20.0% of Al.sub.2O.sub.3, 0%-10.0% of MgO, and 0%-12.5% of ZnO, necessarily including one of MgO or ZnO, and the crystallized glass thereof contains microcrystals of spinel crystal. In the present invention, a suitable precursor glass is subjected to thermal treatment, and microcrystals are separated from the glass substrate by crystallization, producing a glass ceramic having a Moh's hardness greater than 7 and a visible-light transparency rate greater than 80% through 1 mm of the glass. The glass ceramic of the invention overcomes the problem that ordinary optical glass is easy to be scratched. The present glass ceramic can be served as protective face for mobile phones, protective glass for optical instruments and in communications equipment, substrate for magnetic disks, LCD panel, or protective glass for other optoelectronic devices.

A method of manufacturing a lithium ion conductive solid electrolyte includes (a) a step of preparing an object to be processed including a crystalline material, that includes alkali metal other than lithium and whose ionic conductivity at room temperature is greater than or equal to 1×10.sup.−13 S/cm; and (b) a step of performing an ion-exchange process on the object to be processed in molten salt including lithium ions.

The present invention discloses glass ceramics, and a production method and a dedicated device therefor. Glass ceramics are prepared by using tantalum-niobium tailings, blind mining of natural stone material is greatly reduced, and comprehensive utilization efficiency of tantalum-niobium tailings is improved. The glass ceramics obtained by the production method and the dedicated device has few bubbles and high strength, and the yield and the quality of the finished product are both improved. Moreover, the idle tantalum-niobium tailings are utilized in the production, so that resources are saved.

A transparent gahnite-spinel glass ceramic is provided. The glass ceramic includes a first crystal phase including (Mg.sub.xZn.sub.1−x)Al.sub.2O.sub.4 where x is less than 1 and a second crystal phase including tetragonal ZrO.sub.2. The glass ceramic may be ion exchanged. Methods for producing the glass ceramic are also provided.

A glass production apparatus producing continuously curved glass for covers and containers includes a crucible, a calender device, a cutting device, a molding device, and a crystallizing device. The crucible melts glass raw material and outputs a glass melt to calender device. The calender device rolls and presses the glass melt to prepare a glass belt with a preset temperature. The cutting device cuts the glass belt with the preset temperature into glass members. The molding device include at least one molding mold and a manipulator. Each of the at least one molding mold curves at least one portion of the glass member with the preset temperature to prepare a curved glass member. The manipulator transfers the curved glass member to the crystallizing device, the crystallizing device crystallizes the curved glass member to prepare a curved crystalline glass member. A method for manufacturing such glass is also provided.

A composition includes 30 mol % to 60 mol % SiO.sub.2; 15 mol % to 40 mol % Al.sub.2O.sub.3; 5 mol % to 25 mol % Y.sub.2O.sub.3; 5 mol % to 15 mol % TiO.sub.2; and 0.1 mol % to 15 mol % RO, such that RO is a sum of MgO, CaO, SrO, and BaO.