Provided are a laminate including: a glass substrate; a layer (ca) including a binder; a particle (a2) having an average primary particle diameter of 100 nm to 380 nm; and a layer (b) including a pressure sensitive adhesive, in which the layer (ca) is present on a side closer to the glass substrate than the layer (b), and the particle (a2) is buried in layers obtained by combining the layer (ca) and the layer (b) and protrudes from an interface of the layer (ca) on a side opposite to an interface of the layer (ca) on the glass substrate side, an antireflection product using the laminate, and a method of manufacturing the laminate and an antireflection product.

Textured glass laminates are described along with methods of making textured glass laminates. The textured glass laminates may be formed via addition of nanoparticles or manipulation of the glass surface. Laminate compositions are designed to take advantage of glass clad and core properties at Tg, annealing point, strain point, and or softening point, along with glass clad and core viscosities. The resulting compositions are useful for anti-reflection surfaces, anti-fingerprint surfaces, anti-fogging surfaces, adhesion-promoting surfaces, friction-reducing surfaces, and the like.

The present invention relates to a translucent structure having a surface unevenness shape which has: an area ratio of surface flat regions in which an angle formed with a flat surface is in a range of 0° to 0.5° of in a range of 0% to 5.8%; a projection density of in a range of 0.0001/μm.sup.2 to 0.05/μm.sup.2; a projection area ratio of in a range of 5.5% to 50%; a skewness Ssk which represents the degree of non-symmetry of in a range of −0.5 to 1.1; a load area factor Smr1 at a boundary between a projected mountain portion and a core portion of in a range of 0% to 14.5%; and an arithmetic average surface roughness Sa of in a range of 0.06 μm to 0.143 μm.

Glass elements are provided that include a coating and a sheet-like glass substrate. The sheet-like glass substrate has a first surface and a second surface opposite the first surface. The coating is disposed in at least some areas of at least one of the first and second surfaces. The coating is an inorganic glass-based coating that includes at least one glassy component; at least one pigment comprising pigment particles; and a filler. The filler is inorganic and includes filler particles with a d.sub.50 value, based on an equivalent diameter, of at least 0.1 μm and less than 10 μm.

Methods for manufacturing and/or reinforcing a carbon-containing glass material are disclosed. The method includes supplying a non-thermal equilibrium plasma including a plurality of positive charged gas particles and a plurality of ionized inert gas particles into a reaction chamber, and accelerating at least the plurality of positive charged gas particles through the reaction chamber based on application of an external electric potential to the non-thermal equilibrium plasma. The method includes bombarding a surface-to-air interface of the glass material with the accelerated positive charged gas particles and the ionized inert gas particles, and forming an interphase region in the glass material in response to the bombardment. The method includes forming a compressive stress layer in the glass material in response to the bombardment by at least the ionized inert gas particles. The compressive stress layer may be disposed between the interphase region and the surface-to-air interface of the carbon-containing glass material.

In some implementations, a carbon-containing glass material includes a surface-to-air interface and an interphase region extending from the surface-to-air interface along a direction to a depth within the carbon-containing glass material. The surface-to-air interface may be exposed to ambient air, and the interphase region may include a plurality of few layer graphene (FLG) nanoplatelets formed in response to recombination and/or self-nucleation of a plurality of carbon-containing radicals implanted within the interphase region. The FLG nanoplatelets have a non-periodic orientation configured to at least partially inhibit formation or propagation of microcracks and/or micro-voids in the carbon-containing glass material. The glass material may also include a compressive stress layer disposed between the interphase region and the surface-to-air interface of the carbon-containing glass material, the compressive stress layer induced by ion bombardment of the carbon-containing glass material by a plurality of ionized inert gas particles.

Methods for manufacturing a carbon-containing glass material are disclosed. The method includes flowing a hydrocarbon gas and silane into a reactor, and providing an additive to the reactor. The method includes generating a non-thermal equilibrium plasma based on excitement of the hydrocarbon gas and the silane by a microwave energy, where the non-thermal equilibrium plasma includes a plurality of methyl radicals. The method includes ion-bombarding the glass material with at least the methyl radicals to create an interphase region. The method includes forming a plurality of FLG nanoplatelets within the interphase region based on recombination or self-nucleation of the methyl radicals. The FLG nanoplatelets may be dispersed throughout the interphase region in a non-periodic orientation that at least partially inhibits formation of cracks in the glass material. The method includes doping surfaces of the FLG nanoplatelets with the additive, and intercalating the additive between adjacent graphene layers within the FLG nanoplatelets formed in the glass material.

An interlayer film for laminated glass of the present invention comprises at least an absorption region in which a skin absorption energy rate (X1) of a laminated glass is 25% or less, provided that the laminated glass is produced using two clear glass plates having a solar transmittance of 87.3% based on JIS R 3106.

Provided is a laminate that includes a water absorbing layer (B), an antireflective function-imparting layer (C) and a hydrophilic layer (A) provided in this order on a substrate, wherein the hydrophilic layer (A) is formed of a crosslinked resin having an anionic, cationic or nonionic hydrophilic group, and has a gradient of hydrophilic groups (intensity of hydrophilic group on surface of the hydrophilic layer (A)/intensity of hydrophilic group at ½ of thickness of the hydrophilic layer (A)) of not less than 1.1; the water absorbing layer (B) is formed of a crosslinked resin having a water absorption rate per unit mass (g) of in the range of 5 to 500 wt %; and the refractive index of a layer forming the layer (C) satisfies a specific condition. The laminate can provide higher antifogging properties and antireflective properties.

A glass panel unit includes a first glass pane, a second glass pane, a frame member, a vacuum space, and a gas adsorbing layer. The gas adsorbing layer is formed to cover at least one of the first glass pane or the second glass pane. The gas adsorbing layer contains a getter material.