A layered structure for an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) device, the layered structure including a light-transmissive substrate and an internal extraction layer formed on one side of the light-transmissive substrate, in which the internal extraction layer includes (1) a scattering area containing scattering elements composed of solid particles and pores, the solid particles having a density that decreases as it goes away from the interface with the light-transmissive substrate, and the pores having a density that increases as it goes away from the interface with the light-transmissive substrate, and (2) a free area where no scattering elements are present, formed from the surface of the internal extraction layer, which is opposite to the interface, to a predetermined depth.

There is provided new transparent near infrared absorptive fine particles having a wide range of near infrared absorption, which are an assembly of hexaboride fine particles, wherein when a particle shape of the number of particles contained in the assembly is approximately regarded as a spheroid body, there are 20% or more and less than 80% of particles having an aspect ratio [(long axis length)/(short axis length)] of 1.5 or more and less than 5.0, and there are 20% or more and less than 80% of particles having an aspect ratio of 5.0 or more and less than 20.0.

Compositions and methods for improved materials and material laminates with graphitic or inorganic/organic nanomaterials are presented. Graphitic or inorganic/organic nanomaterials, such as carbon nanotubes, carbon nanofibers, graphenes or graphene oxides, are introduced into an aqueous composition as fillers to provide a graphitic or inorganic/organic nanocomposite. Such composition may be used as laminates to improve adhesion between a film and a layer of material or between layers of materials and to increase not only strength properties, but also to provide other desired properties such as electronic properties, UV absorbing/blocking, optical-limiting, anti-reflective, fire-retardant, conducting, anti-microbial properties or pigmentation to say material. By tailoring the composite formulations with multiple graphitic or organic/inorganic nanomaterials, the resulting materials laminates become multifunctional and can be used for a variety of applications.

A glazing, which may be translucent, includes at least one design, which may be transparent. The glazing includes a substrate having two main outer surfaces, at least one of which is a textured surface, made of a dielectric material having a refractive index n1 and at least a part of the textured surface of the substrate is coated with a sol-gel layer made of a dielectric material having a refractive index n2.

A method of coating a substrate is disclosed. The method comprising the steps of that includes providing a substrate having a first surface, providing a particle based coating composition comprising particles, applying the coating composition to at least a part of the first surface of the substrate, and converting the particle based coating composition on the first surface of the substrate into a functional coating having a thickness of 50 nm to 25 μmas measured along across section in a scanning electron microscope (SEM), wherein the particle based coating composition comprises nanoparticle, and converting the particle based coating composition involves a high intensity energy source heating at least a part of the coating composition, wherein the high intensity energy source is selected from the group of certain CO2 lasers and flame arrays. Furthermore an apparatus for preparing a coating is disclosed.

The present disclosure generally relates to retroreflective elements including a core and a plurality of glass or glass-ceramic beads adjacent to the core. The retroreflective elements further include a plurality of particles having a diameter that is less than the diameter of the glass or glass ceramic beads in the retroreflective elements. The present disclosure also generally relates to articles (including, for example, retroreflective roadway liquid pavement markings) including these retroreflective elements and methods of making and using these retroreflective elements.

The present invention relates to a glass, in particular a glass for the joining of glass panes for the production of vacuum insulating glasses at processing temperatures ≦420° C., to the corresponding composite glass, and to the corresponding glass paste. Moreover, the present invention relates to a vacuum insulating glass produced using the glass paste according to the invention, to the production process thereof, and to the use of the inventive glass and/or composite glass, and glass paste. The glass according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises the following components, in units of mol-%: V.sub.2O.sub.5 5-58 mol-%,Te0.sub.2 40-90 mol-%, and at least one oxide selected from ZnO 38-52 mol-%, or Al.sub.2O.sub.3 1-25 mol %, or MoO.sub.3 1-10 mol-%, or WO.sub.3 1-10 mol-%, or a combination thereof.

The low-reflection coating of the present invention is adapted to be provided on at least one principal surface of a substrate. The low-reflection coating is a porous film having a thickness of 80 to 800 nm, the porous film including: fine silica particles being solid and spherical and having an average particle diameter of 80 to 600 nm; and a binder containing silica as a main component and containing a hydrophobic group, the fine silica particles being bound by the binder. The low-reflection coating contains 35 to 70 mass % of the fine silica particles, 25 to 64 mass % of the silica of the binder, and 0.2 to 10 mass % of the hydrophobic group of the binder. The low-reflection coating produces a transmittance gain of 1.5% or more when provided on the substrate.

Certain example embodiments relate to techniques for improving the uniformity of, and/or conformance to a desired pattern for, metal island layers (MILs) formed on a substrate (e.g., a glass or other substrate), and/or associated products. Certain example embodiments form MILs using a laser or other energy source or magnetic field assisted technique, e.g., to compensate for non-uniformities that otherwise likely would result in the MIL diverging from its desired configuration. For example, a laser or other energy source may introduce heat onto a substrate, enable pulsed laser deposition, raster a target including the MIL metal to be deposited, raster a substrate where the MIL is to be formed, etc. These and/or other techniques may be used to enable the MIL to be formed on the substrate in a desired pattern, e.g., by compensating for implicit non-uniformities of the substrate and/or by selectively creating non-uniformities in how the MIL is formed.

Certain example embodiments relate to techniques for improving the uniformity of, and/or conformance to a desired pattern for, metal island layers (MILs) formed on a substrate (e.g., a glass or other substrate), and/or associated products. Certain example embodiments form MILs using a laser or other energy source or magnetic field assisted technique, e.g., to compensate for non-uniformities that otherwise likely would result in the MIL diverging from its desired configuration. For example, a laser or other energy source may introduce heat onto a substrate, enable pulsed laser deposition, raster a target including the MIL metal to be deposited, raster a substrate where the MIL is to be formed, etc. These and/or other techniques may be used to enable the MIL to be formed on the substrate in a desired pattern, e.g., by compensating for implicit non-uniformities of the substrate and/or by selectively creating non-uniformities in how the MIL is formed.