In embodiments, a conveyor apparatus can include a conveyor ribbon having a length, a width, a thickness less than the width, and a plurality of receiving apertures located along the length and extending through the thickness of the conveyor ribbon. The plurality of receiving apertures are dimensioned to receive and hold a plurality of glass articles. A conveyor drive and guidance system directs the conveyor ribbon along a predefined conveyor path. The predefined conveyor path can include an immersion section and a drain section. The immersion section can be oriented to direct the conveyor ribbon into and out of an immersion station and the conveyor ribbon is rotated about a horizontal axis in the drain section after being directed out of the immersion station.

A method for manufacturing a formed glass includes using a heating apparatus. The heating apparatus includes a heating element and a heat reservoir having a transmittance of 50% or more in a wavelength of 0.5 um to 2.5 um. The heat reservoir is arranged between the heating element and a glass substrate as an object to be heated. The glass substrate is heated with the heating element, and the glass substrate is formed into a desired shape.

A light emitting diode (LED) tube lamp configured to receive an external driving signal includes an LED module for emitting light, the LED module comprising an LED unit comprising an LED; a rectifying circuit for rectifying the external driving signal to produce a rectified signal, the rectifying circuit having a first output terminal and a second output terminal for outputting the rectified signal; a filtering circuit connected to the LED module, and configured to provide a filtered signal for the LED unit; and a protection circuit for providing protection for the LED tube lamp. The protection circuit includes a voltage divider comprising two elements connected in series between the first and second output terminals of the rectifying circuit, for producing a signal at a connection node between the two elements; and a control circuit coupled to the connection node between the two elements, for receiving, and detecting a state of, the signal at the connection node. The control circuit includes or is coupled to a switching circuit coupled to the rectifying circuit, and the switching circuit is configured to be triggered on or off by the detected state, upon the external driving signal being input to the LED tube lamp, to allow discontinuous current to flow through the LED unit.

The present invention relates to a glass in which: the glass is a crystallized glass; the glass has a difference log η−log η.sub.0 (dPa.Math.s) between a logarithm log η (dPa.Math.s) of bulk viscosity η (dPa.Math.s) and a logarithm log η.sub.0 (dPa.Math.s) of local viscosity η.sub.0 (dPa.Math.s) of larger than 0 and 1.8 or smaller, in a temperature range in which the logarithm log η.sub.0 (dPa.Math.s) of the bulk viscosity η (dPa.Math.s) is 11.4 or larger and 12.7 or smaller.

The present disclosure relates to fusion formable highly crystalline glass-ceramic articles whose composition lies within the SiO.sub.2—R.sub.2O.sub.3—Li.sub.2O/Na.sub.2O—TiO.sub.2 system and which contain a silicate crystalline phase comprised of lithium aluminosilicate (β-spodumene and/or β-quartz solid solution) lithium metasilicate and/or lithium disilicate. Additionally, these silicate-crystal containing glass-ceramics can exhibit varying Na.sub.2O to Li.sub.2O molar ratio extending from the surface to the bulk of the glass article, particularly a decreasing Li.sub.2O concentration and an increasing Na.sub.2O concentration from surface to bulk. According to a second embodiment, disclosed herein is a method for forming a silicate crystalline phase-containing glass ceramic.

A strengthened glass container or vessel such as, but not limited to, vials for holding pharmaceutical products or vaccines in a hermetic and/or sterile state. The strengthened glass container undergoes a strengthening process that produces compression at the surface and tension within the container wall. The strengthening process is designed such that the tension within the wall is great enough to ensure catastrophic failure of the container, thus rendering the product unusable, should sterility be compromised by a through-wall crack. The tension is greater than a threshold central tension, above which catastrophic failure of the container is guaranteed, thus eliminating any potential for violation of pharmaceutical integrity.

The present invention is based, at least in part, on the identification of a pharmaceutical container formed, at least in part, of a glass composition which exhibits a reduced propensity to delaminate, i.e., a reduced propensity to shed glass particulates. As a result, the presently claimed containers are particularly suited for storage of pharmaceutical compositions and, specifically, a pharmaceutical solution comprising a pharmaceutically active ingredient, for example, PEDIARIX® (Diphtheria and Tetanus Toxoids and Acellular Pertussis Adsorbed, Hepatitis B (Recombinant) and Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine), HAVRIX® (Hepatitis A Vaccine), ENGERIX-B® (Hepatitis B Vaccine (Recombinant)), TWINRIX® (Hepatitis A & Hepatitis B (Recombinant) Vaccine), EPERZAN® (albiglutide), MAGE-A3 Antigen-Specific Cancer Immunotherapeutic (astuprotimut-R), GSK2402968 (drisapersen), and HZ/su (herpes zoster vaccine).

The invention relates to a glass sheet having a boron-, strontium- and lithium-free glass composition comprising the following in weight percentage, expressed with respect to the total weight of glass: 65≦SiO.sub.2≦78%; 8≦Na.sub.2O≦15%; 1≦K.sub.2O<6%; 1≦Al.sub.2O.sub.3<6%; 2≦CaO<10%; 0≦MgO≦6%; as well as a K.sub.2O/(K.sub.2O+Na.sub.2O) ratio which is ranging from 0.1 and 0.7. The invention corresponds to an easy chemically-temperable soda-lime-silica type glass composition, which is more suited for use in electronic devices applications.

Optically transparent glass ceramic materials comprising a glass phase containing and a crystalline tungsten bronze phase comprising nanoparticles and having the formula M.sub.xWO.sub.3, where M includes at least one H, Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Ca, Sr, Ba, Zn, Cu, Ag, Sn, Cd, In, Tl, Pb, Bi, Th, La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, and U, and where 0<x<1. Aluminosilicate and zinc-bismuth-borate glasses comprising at least one of Sm.sub.2O.sub.3, Pr.sub.2O.sub.3, and Er.sub.2O.sub.3 are also provided.

A thin glass substrate, as well as a method and an apparatus are provided. The glass substrate has a glass having first and second main surfaces and elongated elevations on one of the main surfaces. The elevations rise in a normal direction, have a longitudinal extent that is greater than two times a transverse extent, and have a height, on average, that is less than 100 nm, and with a transverse extent of the elevation smaller than 40 mm. The method includes melting a glass, hot forming the glass, and adjusting a viscosity of the glass so that for the viscosity η1 for a first stretch over a first distance of up to 1.5 m downstream of a flow rate control component and y1 indicating a second distance to a location immediately downstream the flow rate control component the equation lg η1(y1)/dPa.Math.s=(lg η01/dPa.Math.s+a1(y1)) applies.