The present disclosure provides a method for coating a composite structure, comprising applying a first slurry onto a surface of the composite structure, wherein the first slurry is a sol gel comprising a metal organic salt, a first carrier fluid, and a ceramic material, and heating the composite structure to a first sol gel temperature sufficient to form a sol gel-derived base layer on the composite structure.

The present invention provides additive manufacturing compositions, also referred as inks in the field of additive manufacturing, which can be fine-tuned with respect to porosity by varying the intensity of the photopolymerisation light source and which can further be used to obtain objects out of glasses, ceramics or glass-ceramics and their respective alloys.

A sol-gel bioactive glass precursor, method for making sol-gel glasses, resultant sol-gel bioactive glasses, and methods of use thereof, which include introducing Na.sub.2O into the glass network during the sol-gel process through the use of Na-ethoxide, NaCI, or sodium silicate rather than sodium nitrate. Medical and industrial uses of such glasses.

An electronic component includes a base body including a plurality of voids, a protective material covering a part or a whole of an outer surface of the base body, and an external electrode covering a part of an outer surface of the protective material. The protective material is glass containing a silane compound having a carbon chain with 3 or more carbon atoms. The protective material includes a filling portion occupying at least some of the voids, and a film portion covering the outer surface of the base body.