Disclosed herein are systems, methods, and apparatus for forming low emissivity panels that may include a substrate and a reflective layer formed over the substrate. The low emissivity panels may further include a top dielectric layer formed over the reflective layer such that the reflective layer is formed between the top dielectric layer and the substrate. The top dielectric layer may include a ternary metal oxide, such as zinc tin aluminum oxide. The top dielectric layer may also include aluminum. The concentration of aluminum may be between about 1 atomic % and 15 atomic % or between about 2 atomic % and 10 atomic %. An atomic ratio of zinc to tin in the top dielectric layer may be between about 0.67 and about 1.5 or between about 0.9 and about 1.1.

Disclosed herein are systems, methods, and apparatus for forming low emissivity panels. In some embodiments, a partially fabricated panel may be provided that includes a substrate, a reflective layer formed over the substrate, and a barrier layer formed over the reflective layer such that the reflective layer is formed between the substrate and the barrier layer. The barrier layer may include a partially oxidized alloy of three or more metals. A first interface layer may be formed over the barrier layer. A top dielectric layer may be formed over the first interface layer. The top dielectric layer may be formed using reactive sputtering in an oxygen containing environment. The first interface layer may prevent further oxidation of the partially oxidized alloy of the three or more metals when forming the top dielectric layer. A second interface layer may be formed over the top dielectric layer.

Disclosed herein are systems, methods, and apparatus for forming low emissivity panels that may include a substrate and a reflective layer formed over the substrate. The low emissivity panels may further include a top dielectric layer formed over the reflective layer such that the reflective layer is formed between the top dielectric layer and the substrate. The top dielectric layer may include a ternary metal oxide, such as zinc tin aluminum oxide. The top dielectric layer may also include aluminum. The concentration of aluminum may be between about 1 atomic % and 15 atomic % or between about 2 atomic % and 10 atomic %. An atomic ratio of zinc to tin in the top dielectric layer may be between about 0.67 and about 1.5 or between about 0.9 and about 1.1.

A glass article comprises a glass substrate having a first major surface and a second major surface, the second major surface being opposite the first major surface and a decorative ink layer disposed on the second major surface of the decorative ink layer and a conductive ink layer disposed on the second major surface. The conductive ink layer comprises conductive material dispersed in a dispersion medium and a sheet resistance that is less than a sheet resistance of the decorative ink layer. The conductive ink layer comprises a plurality of sensing structures arranged in a touch sensing circuit configured to vary in electrical properties in response to electromagnetic interactions with an external object.

Glass coating materials and methods are disclosed for the coating of glass substrates used in the manufacturer of photovoltaic solar modules such that the coating enhances the reliability of the module by reducing its susceptibility to potential induced degradation (PID). Coating materials are disclosed that reduce soiling on the front surface of the glass; that increase the surface resistivity of the glass and that repel moisture and that seal the surface from the ingress of moisture. Further electrically conductive coatings are disclosed that reduce the electric field between the front and back surfaces of the glass and hence reduce ion mobility within the glass and transport from the interior glass surface to the solar cell. There are additional configuration choices for fine tuning associated with separately optimizing the exterior and interior glass coating. Finally, coating processes and methods are disclosed for coating glass substrates with the disclosed materials.

A glass-ceramic article includes at least one substrate, such as a plate, made of glass-ceramic material, the substrate being coated on its lower face, in at least one zone, with at least one fibrous structure including a resin.

Disclosed herein are systems, methods, and apparatus for forming low emissivity panels that may include a substrate and a reflective layer formed over the substrate. The low emissivity panels may further include a top dielectric layer formed over the reflective layer such that the reflective layer is formed between the top dielectric layer and the substrate. The top dielectric layer may include a ternary metal oxide, such as zinc tin aluminum oxide. The top dielectric layer may also include aluminum. The concentration of aluminum may be between about 1 atomic % and 15 atomic % or between about 2 atomic % and 10 atomic %. An atomic ratio of zinc to tin in the top dielectric layer may be between about 0.67 and about 1.5 or between about 0.9 and about 1.1.

The vehicle window member with the window frame includes: the vehicle-window-use transparent plate-shaped body; the window frame made of a thermoplastic resin arranged at a region including a peripheral edge part of at least one principle surface; a functional sol-gel layer arranged at one of principle surfaces of the plate-shaped body where the window frame is arranged and between the window frame and the plate-shaped body to be partially overlapped with an arrangement region of the window frame; a primer layer arranged at substantially the same region as the arrangement region of the window frame at the plate-shaped body side of the window frame to be adjacent to the window frame; and an overcoat layer arranged between the functional sol-gel layer and the primer layer to include a region where both are overlapped, and mainly constituted of an oxide of at least one selected from Si, Ti, Zr and Zn.

A cover member according to the present invention comprises: a glass plate having a first surface and a second surface; and a functional film formed on the first surface. The functional film is formed of a single film, and has an antiglare function and an antimicrobial function.