The invention provides novel pervious composite materials that possess excellent physical and performance characteristics of conventional pervious concretes, and methods of production and uses thereof. These composite materials can be readily produced from widely available, low cost raw materials by a process suitable for large-scale production with improved energy consumption, desirable carbon footprint and minimal environmental impact.

A method for burning lumpy stock is performed in at least one shaft which comprises a preheating zone, a burning zone and a cooling zone. Coal with a swelling index >1 is supplied together with a transport medium via burner lances which have burner tips. The coal together with the transport medium emerges into the shaft, wherein the temperature of the coal in the burner lances is kept below a temperature value at which melt phases of the coal that is used are formed. Here, for the transportation of the coal, use is made of a transport medium which, in the shaft, in the region directly adjacent to the burner tip, forms an oxygen-depleted atmosphere in order to delay the ignition of the coal after it emerges from the burner lance.

A method for burning lumpy stock is performed in at least one shaft which comprises a preheating zone, a burning zone and a cooling zone. Coal with a swelling index >1 is supplied together with a transport medium via burner lances which have burner tips. The coal together with the transport medium emerges into the shaft, wherein the temperature of the coal in the burner lances is kept below a temperature value at which melt phases of the coal that is used are formed. Here, for the transportation of the coal, use is made of a transport medium which, in the shaft, in the region directly adjacent to the burner tip, forms an oxygen-depleted atmosphere in order to delay the ignition of the coal after it emerges from the burner lance.

A method for burning lumpy stock is performed in at least one shaft which comprises a preheating zone, a burning zone and a cooling zone. Coal with a swelling index >1 is supplied together with a transport medium via burner lances which have burner tips. The coal together with the transport medium emerges into the shaft, wherein the temperature of the coal in the burner lances is kept below a temperature value at which melt phases of the coal that is used are formed. Here, for the transportation of the coal, use is made of a transport medium which, in the shaft, in the region directly adjacent to the burner tip, forms an oxygen-depleted atmosphere in order to delay the ignition of the coal after it emerges from the burner lance.

A manufacturing facility for quicklime is provided, which can manufacture highly active quicklime by a simple manufacturing facility, and which can also separate and recover, in a high concentration, CO.sub.2 gas generated at the time of manufacturing quicklime. The manufacturing facility for quicklime is configured by including: a regenerative calciner 11 which has a supply port 11a for supplying granular limestone C into the regenerative calciner 11, heating means capable of maintaining the temperature of the atmosphere in the regenerative calciner 11 at a temperature not less than the calcination temperature of the limestone, an exhaust pipe 15 connected to an upper part of the regenerative calciner 11 so as to discharge combustion exhaust gas of the heating means and CO.sub.2 gas generated by the calcination of limestone, and a discharge port 14 for taking out quicklime produced by the calcination; and a heat medium 16 which has a particle diameter larger than the particle diameter of the limestone and which is filled in the regenerative calciner 11.

A manufacturing facility for quicklime is provided, which can manufacture highly active quicklime by a simple manufacturing facility, and which can also separate and recover, in a high concentration, CO.sub.2 gas generated at the time of manufacturing quicklime. The manufacturing facility for quicklime is configured by including: a regenerative calciner 11 which has a supply port 11a for supplying granular limestone C into the regenerative calciner 11, heating means capable of maintaining the temperature of the atmosphere in the regenerative calciner 11 at a temperature not less than the calcination temperature of the limestone, an exhaust pipe 15 connected to an upper part of the regenerative calciner 11 so as to discharge combustion exhaust gas of the heating means and CO.sub.2 gas generated by the calcination of limestone, and a discharge port 14 for taking out quicklime produced by the calcination; and a heat medium 16 which has a particle diameter larger than the particle diameter of the limestone and which is filled in the regenerative calciner 11.

The invention provides novel articles of composite materials having hollow interior channels or passageways, or otherwise being hollowed out, and formulations and methods for their manufacture and uses. These hollow core objects are suitable for a variety of applications in construction, pavements and landscaping, and infrastructure.

The invention provides novel articles of composite materials having hollow interior channels or passageways, or otherwise being hollowed out, and formulations and methods for their manufacture and uses. These hollow core objects are suitable for a variety of applications in construction, pavements and landscaping, and infrastructure.

The present invention is directed to a method of continuously calcining a limestone particle mix comprising a fine fraction of limestone particles and a coarser fraction of limestone particles. The limestone particles heat treated in a flash calciner in which the mixture is entrained and heated in process gas for an amount of time sufficient to fully calcine the fine fraction but not the coarser fraction. The process gas is separated from the heated limestone mixture. The mixture is directed to a retention vessel in which the mixture is retained for an amount of time sufficient to fully calcine the coarser fraction utilizing the process heat present in the limestone mixture. No external heat needs to be added to the retention vessel during the retention step to promote calcination.

The present invention is directed to a method of continuously calcining a limestone particle mix comprising a fine fraction of limestone particles and a coarser fraction of limestone particles. The limestone particles heat treated in a flash calciner in which the mixture is entrained and heated in process gas for an amount of time sufficient to fully calcine the fine fraction but not the coarser fraction. The process gas is separated from the heated limestone mixture. The mixture is directed to a retention vessel in which the mixture is retained for an amount of time sufficient to fully calcine the coarser fraction utilizing the process heat present in the limestone mixture. No external heat needs to be added to the retention vessel during the retention step to promote calcination.