Disclosed is a rapid solidification method of calcareous sand, and the method relates to the technical field of a calcareous sand reinforcement in island reef engineering. The specific method is to achieve a rapid solidification of the calcareous sand by applying a zinc sulfate solution to the calcareous sand.

Disclosed is a rapid solidification method of calcareous sand, and the method relates to the technical field of a calcareous sand reinforcement in island reef engineering. The specific method is to achieve a rapid solidification of the calcareous sand by applying a zinc sulfate solution to the calcareous sand.

The present invention refers to a manufacturing process of artificial pozzolan which has the final color gray. In order to perform the processes in the desired way, the kiln atmosphere shall contain low oxygen concentration and the presence of reducing agents. However the presence of carbon monoxide at the kiln outlet is not desirable, due to environmental impacts and the increase in specific heat consumption of the kiln. So the process described in this invention comprises the following steps: heating (1), which consists of heating the raw materials to a temperature between 100-350 C. until drying of the material to a moisture mass fraction of 0-5% (wet basis); mixing (2), which consists of mixing the dry raw materials from the heating process with the right proportion of fuel, in from 1% to 5% in mass fraction, according to the concentration of hematite present in the raw material; calcining (3), which consists of heating the fuel and raw materials blend to a temperature between 700-900 C., with oxygen concentration between 1-5% and, finally, cooling (4), which consists of an initial step of rapid decrease in pozzolan temperature until 600 C. and a final step of slow decrease in pozzolan temperature until 120 C.

The present invention refers to a manufacturing process of artificial pozzolan which has the final color gray. In order to perform the processes in the desired way, the kiln atmosphere shall contain low oxygen concentration and the presence of reducing agents. However the presence of carbon monoxide at the kiln outlet is not desirable, due to environmental impacts and the increase in specific heat consumption of the kiln. So the process described in this invention comprises the following steps: heating (1), which consists of heating the raw materials to a temperature between 100-350 C. until drying of the material to a moisture mass fraction of 0-5% (wet basis); mixing (2), which consists of mixing the dry raw materials from the heating process with the right proportion of fuel, in from 1% to 5% in mass fraction, according to the concentration of hematite present in the raw material; calcining (3), which consists of heating the fuel and raw materials blend to a temperature between 700-900 C., with oxygen concentration between 1-5% and, finally, cooling (4), which consists of an initial step of rapid decrease in pozzolan temperature until 600 C. and a final step of slow decrease in pozzolan temperature until 120 C.

Cement slurries, cured cements, and methods of making cured cement and methods of using cement slurries are provided. The cement slurries have, among other attributes, increased yield point, reduced density, improved mechanical properties, increased resistance to H.sub.2S, and may be used, for instance, in the oil and gas drilling industry. The cement slurry comprises cement precursor material, Saudi Arabian volcanic ash, and an aqueous solution. The Saudi Arabian volcanic ash comprises SO.sub.3, CaO, SiO.sub.2, Al.sub.2O.sub.3, Fe.sub.2O.sub.3, MgO, and K.sub.2O and the cement slurry is free of any other SiO.sub.2 additive.

Cement slurries, cured cements, and methods of making cured cement and methods of using cement slurries are provided. The cement slurries have, among other attributes, increased yield point, reduced density, improved mechanical properties, increased resistance to H.sub.2S, and may be used, for instance, in the oil and gas drilling industry. The cement slurry comprises cement precursor material, Saudi Arabian volcanic ash, and an aqueous solution. The Saudi Arabian volcanic ash comprises SO.sub.3, CaO, SiO.sub.2, Al.sub.2O.sub.3, Fe.sub.2O.sub.3, MgO, and K.sub.2O and the cement slurry is free of any other SiO.sub.2 additive.

Cement slurries, cured cements, and methods of making cured cement and methods of using cement slurries are provided. The cement slurries have, among other attributes, increased yield point, reduced density, improved mechanical properties, increased resistance to H2S, and may be used, for instance, in the oil and gas drilling industry. The cement slurry comprises cement precursor material, Saudi Arabian volcanic ash, and an aqueous solution. The Saudi Arabian volcanic ash comprises SO.sub.3, CaO, SiO.sub.2, Al.sub.2O.sub.3, Fe.sub.2O.sub.3, MgO, and K.sub.2O and the cement slurry is free of any other SiO.sub.2 additive.

An activated pozzolan composition includes a fine interground particulate blend of an initially unactivated natural pozzolan and a supplementary cementitious material (SCM) different than the initially unactivated natural pozzolan. The initially unactivated natural pozzolan may include volcanic ash or other natural pozzolanic deposit having a moisture content of at least 3%, and the activated pozzolan composition can have a moisture content less than 0.5% The initially unactivated natural pozzolan may have a particle size less than 1 mm before intergrinding with the SCM. The SCM used to activate the initially unactivated natural pozzolan can be initially coarse or granular with a size greater than 1-3 m and may include granulated blast furnace slag, steel slag, other metallurgical slag, pumice, limestone, fine aggregate, shale, tuff, trass, geologic material, waste glass, glass shards, basalt, sinters, ceramics, recycled bricks, recycled concrete, refractory materials, other waste industrial products, sand, or natural mineral.

An activated pozzolan composition includes a fine interground particulate blend of an initially unactivated natural pozzolan and a supplementary cementitious material (SCM) different than the initially unactivated natural pozzolan. The initially unactivated natural pozzolan may include volcanic ash or other natural pozzolanic deposit having a moisture content of at least 3%, and the activated pozzolan composition can have a moisture content less than 0.5% The initially unactivated natural pozzolan may have a particle size less than 1 mm before intergrinding with the SCM. The SCM used to activate the initially unactivated natural pozzolan can be initially coarse or granular with a size greater than 1-3 m and may include granulated blast furnace slag, steel slag, other metallurgical slag, pumice, limestone, fine aggregate, shale, tuff, trass, geologic material, waste glass, glass shards, basalt, sinters, ceramics, recycled bricks, recycled concrete, refractory materials, other waste industrial products, sand, or natural mineral.

A brick of cementitious fiber reinforced building material comprising may comprise a core surrounded by a mixture consisting essentially of about 40 wt % sand, about 5 wt % polymer, about 10 wt % water, about 32 wt % cement, about 8 wt % of a siliceous material, and about 3 wt % glass fiber. In some implementations, the core may be comprised of an expanded polystyrene (EPS) foam. The brick may optionally comprise at least one of a fiber glass mesh, a raceway, and a bonding agent.