Systems and methods of the present invention include a method for the treatment of drilling wastes and coal combustion residues, comprising combining at least a first drilling waste with coal combustion residues to form a paste, combining at least a second drilling waste with coal combustion residues to form a compactable fill, and placing the paste and the compactable fill in a landfill. Other embodiments include a method of treating drilling wastes and coal combustion residues, comprising combining at least one drilling waste with a coal combustion residue to form a paste. Further embodiments include containing the paste within at least one geotextile container. Still further embodiments include placing the geotextile container in a landfill.

A coastal karst cement-based expanding grouting material and a preparation method therefor. The material comprises components A and B; the component A comprises a cementing material with volcanic ash characteristics, water and an expanding agent of 0.01-6.0%; and the component B comprises the following in weight percentages: 0.2-1.3% of a water-soluble vegetable gum, 0.5-2.0% of polyacrylamide, 0.01-2.0% of a polyacrylic acid derivative salt, 0.02-1.5% of a complexing agent, 0.05-1.5% of polyhydroxy polysaccharides, 2-70% of water glass and 42.3-90.3% of water. The coastal karst cement-based expanding grouting material has good stability in flowing water, and can fill and reinforce unfavorable geological structures in coastal karst areas, specifically filling fissures and karst caves, plugging water passing channels and the like. Besides, the expansion of the cement-based expanding material is adjustable and can be adjusted and controlled according to the actual filling working condition of the karst caves.

A coastal karst cement-based expanding grouting material and a preparation method therefor. The material comprises components A and B; the component A comprises a cementing material with volcanic ash characteristics, water and an expanding agent of 0.01-6.0%; and the component B comprises the following in weight percentages: 0.2-1.3% of a water-soluble vegetable gum, 0.5-2.0% of polyacrylamide, 0.01-2.0% of a polyacrylic acid derivative salt, 0.02-1.5% of a complexing agent, 0.05-1.5% of polyhydroxy polysaccharides, 2-70% of water glass and 42.3-90.3% of water. The coastal karst cement-based expanding grouting material has good stability in flowing water, and can fill and reinforce unfavorable geological structures in coastal karst areas, specifically filling fissures and karst caves, plugging water passing channels and the like. Besides, the expansion of the cement-based expanding material is adjustable and can be adjusted and controlled according to the actual filling working condition of the karst caves.

A method of manufacturing an activated pozzolan composition includes: (i) grinding a natural pozzolan, alone or with another mineral component that is not cement clinker, to form a finely ground pozzolan component having a first d90 in a range of about 10 m to about 45 m and a first d10 less than about 5 m; and (ii) blending, without intergrinding, the finely ground pozzolan component with a coarse particulate mineral component comprised of coarse mineral particles not interground with the fine interground particulate component, the coarse particulate component having a second d90 greater than the first d90 and a second d10 greater than the first d10. The natural pozzolan can be one or more of natural pozzolanic deposits, volcanic ash, metakaolin, shale dust, calcined clay, trass, and pumice.

A method of manufacturing an activated pozzolan composition includes: (i) grinding a natural pozzolan, alone or with another mineral component that is not cement clinker, to form a finely ground pozzolan component having a first d90 in a range of about 10 m to about 45 m and a first d10 less than about 5 m; and (ii) blending, without intergrinding, the finely ground pozzolan component with a coarse particulate mineral component comprised of coarse mineral particles not interground with the fine interground particulate component, the coarse particulate component having a second d90 greater than the first d90 and a second d10 greater than the first d10. The natural pozzolan can be one or more of natural pozzolanic deposits, volcanic ash, metakaolin, shale dust, calcined clay, trass, and pumice.

Provided herein is a method of treating and upgrading industrial furnace by-products, such as steelmaking slag and incinerator bottom ash (IBA) into valuable products, the method comprising the steps (a) providing the industrial furnace by-product, (b) subjecting the industrial furnace by-product to separation crushing to obtain crushed industrial furnace by-products, (c) subjecting the crushed industrial furnace by-products to one or more magnetic separation step(s) to separate magnetic and non-magnetic particles, and (d) optionally subjecting said non-magnetic particles to fine grinding to obtain fine grinded particles. The fine grinded particles can then be used to produce cement clinkers in kiln.

Provided herein is a method of treating and upgrading industrial furnace by-products, such as steelmaking slag and incinerator bottom ash (IBA) into valuable products, the method comprising the steps (a) providing the industrial furnace by-product, (b) subjecting the industrial furnace by-product to separation crushing to obtain crushed industrial furnace by-products, (c) subjecting the crushed industrial furnace by-products to one or more magnetic separation step(s) to separate magnetic and non-magnetic particles, and (d) optionally subjecting said non-magnetic particles to fine grinding to obtain fine grinded particles. The fine grinded particles can then be used to produce cement clinkers in kiln.

Concrete materials and thermal energy storage devices employing such concrete materials are disclosed herein. The concrete material may include fibers in an amount ranging from about 1 to about 2 vol. %; an aggregate in an amount ranging from about 50 to about 80 vol. %, wherein the aggregates comprises siliceous aggregate and optionally carbonate aggregate; and a cementitious material in an amount from about 12 to about 20 vol. %, wherein the cementitious material comprises a combination of about 70 to about 85 vol. % of Portland cement and about 15 to about vol. % of silica fume, wherein all volume percentages unless otherwise indicated are based on the total volume of the concrete material.

Concrete materials and thermal energy storage devices employing such concrete materials are disclosed herein. The concrete material may include fibers in an amount ranging from about 1 to about 2 vol. %; an aggregate in an amount ranging from about 50 to about 80 vol. %, wherein the aggregates comprises siliceous aggregate and optionally carbonate aggregate; and a cementitious material in an amount from about 12 to about 20 vol. %, wherein the cementitious material comprises a combination of about 70 to about 85 vol. % of Portland cement and about 15 to about vol. % of silica fume, wherein all volume percentages unless otherwise indicated are based on the total volume of the concrete material.

The present disclosure is directed to a method for forming calcined pozzolan that includes: performing a gravity separation on coal refuse to separate an organic component from an inorganic component including crystalline shale; and converting the crystalline shale to a calcined pozzolan. The present disclosure also directed to a calcined pozzolan, concrete, a method of producing concrete, and a method for cleaning a landfill site.