A concrete mixture is provided. The mixture includes cement powder, a plant biomaterial in a solid form, wherein the plant biomaterial does not comprise ash, and concrete aggregate, wherein a ratio of cement powder to the biomaterial ranges from 10:1 to 100:1. Methods of controlling concrete setting by adding a plant biomaterial in a solid form to a concrete mixture are also provided.

The present invention comprises a product. The product comprises a first mineral in particulate form and having a first pozzolanic reactivity and a second mineral in particulate form and having a second pozzolanic reactivity greater than the first reactivity, wherein the surface of at least some of the particles of the first mineral is at least partially covered with particles of the second mineral. A method of making the composition of the present invention is also disclosed.

A hydrophobic admixture, for cementitious materials such as cement paste, mortar, and concrete, includes solid polymer particles with a coating of hydrophobic agent and surfactant. The solid polymer particles adhere to exterior surfaces of hydrated cement particles in the cement matrix. The solid polymer particles deliver the hydrophobic agent into the cement matrix which is hydrophilic. The hydrophobic agents are distributed uniformly throughout the cement matrix. The solid polymer particles can be crumb rubber particles derived from waste rubber tires, recycled plastics and similar solid materials. The hydrophobic liquid agent is derived from waste lubricant oil, spent motor oil, base oil, esters of fatty acids, vegetable oil and the like. Fine particles such as activated carbon, silica fume and spent catalyst can be employed to fill the large pores or cracks that develop in the cementitious matrix. The cured cementitious materials exhibit high contact angles and high compressive strengths.

A hydratable cement composition which will bond to both asphalt and cementitious substrates is supplied for the repair of various surfaces. The composition comprises of a combination of Portland cement, calcium sulfoaluminate cement or calcium aluminosilicate, and an alkali metal salt activated pozzolonic powder, wherein the Portland cement content of the hydratable portion of the composition is greater than 20%. The composition is free from latex bonding agents and calcium aluminate. The composition is mixed with water to form a typical cement, mortar, or concrete consistency, placed and allowed to cure. The result is a self-adhering patch to damaged surfaces. The hydratable cement composition may also be used to fabricate items of original construction by casting into molds or forms.

A hydratable cement composition which will bond to both asphalt and cementitious substrates is supplied for the repair of various surfaces. The composition comprises of a combination of Portland cement, calcium sulfoaluminate cement or calcium aluminosilicate, and an alkali metal salt activated pozzolonic powder, wherein the Portland cement content of the hydratable portion of the composition is greater than 20%. The composition is free from latex bonding agents and calcium aluminate. The composition is mixed with water to form a typical cement, mortar, or concrete consistency, placed and allowed to cure. The result is a self-adhering patch to damaged surfaces. The hydratable cement composition may also be used to fabricate items of original construction by casting into molds or forms.

A hydratable cement composition which will bond to both asphalt and cementitious substrates is supplied for the repair of various surfaces. The composition comprises of a combination of Portland cement, calcium sulfoaluminate cement or calcium aluminosilicate, and an alkali metal salt activated pozzolonic powder, wherein the Portland cement content of the hydratable portion of the composition is greater than 20%. The composition is free from latex bonding agents and calcium aluminate. The composition is mixed with water to form a typical cement, mortar, or concrete consistency, placed and allowed to cure. The result is a self-adhering patch to damaged surfaces. The hydratable cement composition may also be used to fabricate items of original construction by casting into molds or forms.

A cementitious composition of one embodiment, according to the present teaching, includes, but is not limited to, a Portland cement, and at least one other cement from a group comprising, but not limited to, calcium sulfoaluminate cement, a calcium aluminosilicate cement, and calcium aluminate, wherein the Portland cement has a content of at least 20 percent based on the total weight of the non-Portland hydratable cement powder, wherein the cementitious composition bonds to asphalt.

A cementitious composition of one embodiment, according to the present teaching, includes, but is not limited to, a Portland cement, and at least one other cement from a group comprising, but not limited to, calcium sulfoaluminate cement, a calcium aluminosilicate cement, and calcium aluminate, wherein the Portland cement has a content of at least 20 percent based on the total weight of the non-Portland hydratable cement powder, wherein the cementitious composition bonds to asphalt.

A dry construction composition that is easily wet-sprayed by a screw pump to form an insulating and mechanically resistant material after hardening comprises: at least one binder that includes at least one primary binder comprising lime and/or at least one source of alumina and/or at least one source of calcium sulfate, at least one water retention agent, and preferably at least one surfactant; and at least one plant-based bio-based filler based on sunflower stalk and/or corn stalk and/or rape stalk, having a Bulk Density (BD) in kg/m.sup.3 that is less than 110. The ratio of the binder to the filler is between 2 and 9 in liters/kg. The composition can be mixed with water in a ratio of water/binder that is greater than or equal to 0.8 to form a wet composition. The wet composition can be sprayed onto a horizontal or vertical substrate or molded to a desired shape.

The present invention relates to methods for forming bonded particulate refractory materials for use in metal-working, comprising the steps of providing a fine particulate metal oxide, providing an aqueous alkaline composition, providing a particulate refractory mould material, mixing the said fine particulate metal oxide, the said aqueous alkaline composition and the said particulate refractory mould material, and shooting the obtained mixture in a core shooter. Substantially all the water included in the obtained mixture is derived from the aqueous alkaline solution and optionally the surfactant. Also part of the present invention are materials and articles obtained according to the method, as well as particulate compositions for use in the method.