The present invention provides a cell that has a high theoretical voltage and theoretical capacity, and can be discharged and recharged multiple times. The cell includes a cathode, an anode, and an electrolyte, wherein the cathode contains a cathode active material containing an alkali metal compound represented by the formula (1):
A.sub.xO.sub.y(1)
(wherein A is an alkali metal atom, x is 0.5 to 2.5, and y is 0.5 to 2.5), the anode contains an anode active material containing at least one selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal, tin, titanium, boron, nitrogen, silicon, and carbon, and the cathode, the anode, and the electrolyte are hermetically sealed in the cell.

The present invention relates to a process for preparing a particle-stabilized inorganic foam based on calcium sulfoaluminate, to a particle-stabilized inorganic foam based on calcium sulfoaluminate, to a cellular material obtainable by hardening and optionally drying the particle-stabilized inorganic foam based on calcium sulfoaluminate, and to a composition for preparing an inorganic foam formulation for providing a particle-stabilized inorganic foam based on calcium sulfoaluminate.

The present invention relates to a process for preparing a particle-stabilized inorganic foam based on calcium sulfoaluminate, to a particle-stabilized inorganic foam based on calcium sulfoaluminate, to a cellular material obtainable by hardening and optionally drying the particle-stabilized inorganic foam based on calcium sulfoaluminate, and to a composition for preparing an inorganic foam formulation for providing a particle-stabilized inorganic foam based on calcium sulfoaluminate.

A method for the continuous production of a mineral foam of which the density in the dry state (d) is from 40 to 600 kg/m.sup.3, includes (i) mixing cement; a water reducing agent; 0.5 to 10%, % by weight with respect to the total weight of cement, of ultrafine particles having a liquid-solid contact angle comprised from 30 to 140, and of which the D50 is from 10 to 600 nm; water, with a water/cement weight ratio from 0.3 to 2.5; (ii) adding to the mixture from 0.5 to 10% of a pore-forming agent, % by weight with respect to the weight of cement; (iii) applying the mixture obtained at step (ii) on a support; (iv) leaving the mixture to expand on the support.

A method for the continuous production of a mineral foam of which the density in the dry state (d) is from 40 to 600 kg/m.sup.3, includes (i) mixing cement; a water reducing agent; 0.5 to 10%, % by weight with respect to the total weight of cement, of ultrafine particles having a liquid-solid contact angle comprised from 30 to 140, and of which the D50 is from 10 to 600 nm; water, with a water/cement weight ratio from 0.3 to 2.5; (ii) adding to the mixture from 0.5 to 10% of a pore-forming agent, % by weight with respect to the weight of cement; (iii) applying the mixture obtained at step (ii) on a support; (iv) leaving the mixture to expand on the support.

The present invention relates to a process for preparing a particle-stabilized inorganic foam based on geopolymers, to a particle-stabilized inorganic foam based on geopolymers, to a cellular material obtainable by hardening and optionally drying the particle-stabilized inorganic foam based on geopolymers, and to a composition for preparing an inorganic foam formulation for providing a particle-stabilized inorganic foam based on geopolymers.

The present invention relates to a process for preparing a particle-stabilized inorganic foam based on geopolymers, to a particle-stabilized inorganic foam based on geopolymers, to a cellular material obtainable by hardening and optionally drying the particle-stabilized inorganic foam based on geopolymers, and to a composition for preparing an inorganic foam formulation for providing a particle-stabilized inorganic foam based on geopolymers.

A method of manufacturing a lightweight thermal insulating cellular cement-based material and a lightweight thermal insulating cellular cement-based board made thereof are disclosed. A binder, an activator, and a blowing agent are mixed to obtain a mixture. The mixture is homogenized to form a cement slurry, which is poured into a mold afterwards. With the help of the activator and an increased temperature of the mold, the cement slurry in the mold will be activated and start foaming and curing to form a cellular cement-based material. The cellular structure is constructed by decomposition of the blowing agent to form a plurality of closed-cell bubbles, which are fixed in the cement slurry during the curing. After the formation, the mold is removed to obtain the cellular cement-based material. The material exhibits high integrity fire resistance and extraordinary insulation fire resistance.

Drill cuttings, initially cleaned to remove a majority of drilling fluids therefrom, but which have residual organic species, including hydrocarbons, therein are used in clean technologies to make a wide variety of ceramic and concrete products, such as tiles, slabs, blocks, bricks, pavers, decorative edgings, planters, modular barriers, embankments, medians, dividers, precast products and the like for a variety of commercial sectors. In the case of the concrete products, the organic species in the drill cuttings, including hydrocarbons, are first minimized or degraded in the drill cuttings using an oxidative process, such as photocatalytic oxidation, use of an oxidant or combinations thereof, prior to mixing the drill cuttings with cement and water, to form various concrete products. The products produced have acceptable compressive strengths and minimize or eliminate any leaching of the drill cutting contaminants therefrom. In the case of the ceramic and advanced ceramic products, the hydrocarbons and other contaminants are melted during the process of firing the ceramic products in the kiln. The kiln temperature is carefully controlled to minimize safety issues, which would otherwise be associated with the presence of at least the hydrocarbons in the products.

Drill cuttings, initially cleaned to remove a majority of drilling fluids therefrom, but which have residual organic species, including hydrocarbons, therein are used in clean technologies to make a wide variety of ceramic and concrete products, such as tiles, slabs, blocks, bricks, pavers, decorative edgings, planters, modular barriers, embankments, medians, dividers, precast products and the like for a variety of commercial sectors. In the case of the concrete products, the organic species in the drill cuttings, including hydrocarbons, are first minimized or degraded in the drill cuttings using an oxidative process, such as photocatalytic oxidation, use of an oxidant or combinations thereof, prior to mixing the drill cuttings with cement and water, to form various concrete products. The products produced have acceptable compressive strengths and minimize or eliminate any leaching of the drill cutting contaminants therefrom. In the case of the ceramic and advanced ceramic products, the hydrocarbons and other contaminants are melted during the process of firing the ceramic products in the kiln. The kiln temperature is carefully controlled to minimize safety issues, which would otherwise be associated with the presence of at least the hydrocarbons in the products.