A writing, drawing, marking and/or cosmetic device, wherein the device includes at least one shaft and at least one inner body, wherein the at least one shaft is formed from concrete-containing material. The shaft at least partially surrounds the inner body. In the installation position the shaft is secured in an axial direction against axial displacement by a closing cover and a front part and a prestress is formed in the shaft in the axial direction via the closing cover and the front part.

The present invention concerns a Portland cement-free porous rigid mineral substrate made of alkali-activated pozzolans, a method for preparing the same, and use of said substrate to optimize plant germination and growth.

Provided herein are manufacturing processes that include (1) subjecting precursor-containing solids to dissolution under acoustic perturbation to yield an initial slurry including dissolved precursors; (2) subjecting the initial slurry to hydrothermal synthesis to yield a subsequent slurry including siliceous solids formed from the dissolved precursors; and (3) subjecting the subsequent slurry to cementation to yield a cemented siliceous solid. Also provided herein are cemented siliceous solids formed by the manufacturing processes.

The present disclosure provides a cementitious material and production method thereof. The method comprises steps of: (1) dry desulfurization and denitrification of a flue gas with a flue gas absorbent to give a by-product, wherein the flue gas absorbent comprises 10-23 parts by weight of a nano-sized metal oxide, 10-23 parts by weight of a micro-sized metal oxide, and 40-60 parts by weight of magnesium oxide, the nano-sized metal oxide being selected from one or more of the group consisting of SiO2, CaO, Fe2O3, Al2O3, CuO, V2O5 and MnO2, and the micro-sized metal oxide being selected from one or more of the group consisting of SiO2, CaO, Fe2O3, Al2O3, CuO, V2O5 and MnO2; and (2) uniformly mixing the by-product with magnesium oxide, an industrial solid waste and an additive to give the cementitious material.

The present disclosure provides a cementitious material and production method thereof. The method comprises steps of: (1) dry desulfurization and denitrification of a flue gas with a flue gas absorbent to give a by-product, wherein the flue gas absorbent comprises 10-23 parts by weight of a nano-sized metal oxide, 10-23 parts by weight of a micro-sized metal oxide, and 40-60 parts by weight of magnesium oxide, the nano-sized metal oxide being selected from one or more of the group consisting of SiO2, CaO, Fe2O3, Al2O3, CuO, V2O5 and MnO2, and the micro-sized metal oxide being selected from one or more of the group consisting of SiO2, CaO, Fe2O3, Al2O3, CuO, V2O5 and MnO2; and (2) uniformly mixing the by-product with magnesium oxide, an industrial solid waste and an additive to give the cementitious material.

A ceramic or composite coating is prepared from a mixture of a fire-resistant binder and an inorganic filler such that the mixture is suitable to be applied as a coating to a substrate, can be cured in situ, and protects the underlying substrate to which it is applied. In one example, the inorganic filler includes fly ash, where a mix ratio of the inorganic filler to the fire-resistant binder is from 1:1 to 9:1 by weight. The mixture can be cured in air at room temperature to form a composite coating on wood, metal, composites, and other substrates. High temperature processing can convert the composite to a ceramic.

A ceramic or composite coating is prepared from a mixture of a fire-resistant binder and an inorganic filler such that the mixture is suitable to be applied as a coating to a substrate, can be cured in situ, and protects the underlying substrate to which it is applied. In one example, the inorganic filler includes fly ash, where a mix ratio of the inorganic filler to the fire-resistant binder is from 1:1 to 9:1 by weight. The mixture can be cured in air at room temperature to form a composite coating on wood, metal, composites, and other substrates. High temperature processing can convert the composite to a ceramic.

Mix formulation for 3D printing of structures is described, including a composition of an aluminosilicate source and an activator. Also described is a method that includes combining a composition having an aluminosilicate source and an activator with aggregate to yield a mixture, extruding a first quantity of the mixture through a nozzle to form a first layer of the mixture, extruding a second quantity of the mixture through the nozzle to form a second layer of the mixture substantially on the first layer, and curing the first layer and the second layer to yield a structure printed using a 3D printer.

This invention provides a co-disposal pollution control method of municipal solid waste and fly ash leached by membrane concentrate, obtained residue and application thereof. A co-disposal pollution control method of municipal solid waste and fly ash leached by membrane concentrate, comprising the following steps: heat treating the mixture of leached ash and municipal solid waste at 800-1100° C. to obtain residue; the leaching ash is fly ash after being leached with membrane concentrate. The invention solves the problems existed in the co-disposal treatment of membrane concentrate, incineration fly ash and municipal solid waste, and the leaching toxicity of the ash leached by the membrane concentrated solution is reduced, moreover, the leaching concentration of heavy metals in the residue obtained after the leaching treatment is treated with municipal solid waste at medium and high temperature, and the residue obtained after heat treatment can be used as building materials.

Mineral fines reduce OPC content in concrete, mortar and other cementitious compositions, typically in combination with a pozzolanically active SCM. Mineral fines can replace and/or augment a portion of hydraulic cement and/or fine aggregate. Mineral fines can replace a portion of cement binder and fine aggregate as an intermediate that fills a size void between largest cement particles and smallest fine aggregate particles. Supplemental lime can enhance balance of calcium ions in the mix water and/or pore solution. Supplemental sulfate can address sulfate deficiencies caused by high clinker reduction, use of water reducers and/or superplasticizers, and SCMs containing aluminates. Concentrated or pure carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2) can be used to passivate alkaline values in highly alkaline materials, such as concrete washout fines, CKD, class C flyash, incinerator ash, bottom ash, or biomass ash. CO.sub.2 passivation or sequestration can be carried out before, during or after forming an initial concrete mix.