Methods and compositions are provided that related to cementing operations. Methods and compositions that include pumice and/or perlite as a replacement for fly ash.

Processes for the preparation of biomaterials, in particular foams and solid structures, suitable for bone surgery and odontology, bone regeneration, bone defect fillings, stabilizing bone fractures, coating of prostheses or implants, fixing of prostheses or implants, drug delivery systems, and tissue engineering scaffolds, and to the biomaterials obtained thereby. Besides that, this invention, also relates to self-setting calcium phosphate foams which may be obtained by simultaneously mixing and foaming of a powder phase and a liquid phase.

Refrigerated hydraulic cement compositions comprise a mixture of (a) -tricalcium phosphate powder, (b) monocalcium phosphate comprising monocalcium phosphate anhydrous (MCPA), monocalcium phosphate monohydrate (MCPM), or a combination thereof, wherein a 0.1 g/ml saturated aqueous solution of the monocalcium phosphate has a pH less than 3.0, (c) non-aqueous water-miscible liquid, and (d) an aqueous hydrating liquid. The aqueous hydrating liquid is included in an amount of about 1-50 volume percent, based on the combined volume of the non-aqueous water-miscible liquid and the aqueous hydration liquid, and the refrigerated hydraulic cement composition is storage stable for greater than one day, without setting. Methods of forming hardened cements in vivo and/or for forming implants for use in vivo employ the hydraulic cement compositions.

Refrigerated hydraulic cement compositions comprise a mixture of (a) -tricalcium phosphate powder, (b) monocalcium phosphate comprising monocalcium phosphate anhydrous (MCPA), monocalcium phosphate monohydrate (MCPM), or a combination thereof, wherein a 0.1 g/ml saturated aqueous solution of the monocalcium phosphate has a pH less than 3.0, (c) non-aqueous water-miscible liquid, and (d) an aqueous hydrating liquid. The aqueous hydrating liquid is included in an amount of about 1-50 volume percent, based on the combined volume of the non-aqueous water-miscible liquid and the aqueous hydration liquid, and the refrigerated hydraulic cement composition is storage stable for greater than one day, without setting. Methods of forming hardened cements in vivo and/or for forming implants for use in vivo employ the hydraulic cement compositions.

A method for making a porous, chemically bonded ceramic shaped article comprises i) providing a precursor powder mixture comprising polymer particles and a ceramic self-setting cementious powder; ii) preparing a shaped article from a paste comprising the precursor powder mixture and an aqueous liquid; and iii) immersing the shaped article in an immersing liquid in which the polymer particles are soluble, for a period of time of from about 10 minutes to about two weeks to dissolve the polymer particles in the immersing liquid, thereby creating pores in the shaped article. A porous, chemically bonded ceramic shaped article having interconnected pores, a total porosity of at least about 50%, and a macroporosity of at least about 30% can be formed by such methods.

A method for making a porous, chemically bonded ceramic shaped article comprises i) providing a precursor powder mixture comprising polymer particles and a ceramic self-setting cementious powder; ii) preparing a shaped article from a paste comprising the precursor powder mixture and an aqueous liquid; and iii) immersing the shaped article in an immersing liquid in which the polymer particles are soluble, for a period of time of from about 10 minutes to about two weeks to dissolve the polymer particles in the immersing liquid, thereby creating pores in the shaped article. A porous, chemically bonded ceramic shaped article having interconnected pores, a total porosity of at least about 50%, and a macroporosity of at least about 30% can be formed by such methods.

A castable refractory composition comprises: a cement-free refractory particulate composition; and a sol binder; wherein the castable refractory composition comprises a metaphosphate-providing component and/or an orthophosphate-providing component.

A castable refractory composition comprises: a cement-free refractory particulate composition; and a sol binder; wherein the castable refractory composition comprises a metaphosphate-providing component and/or an orthophosphate-providing component.

Provided is a fluoroaluminosilicate glass powder that can provide a dental glass ionomer cement hardened body excellent in acid resistance, the glass powder including sodium and potassium which have an effect of lowering the reflective index of glass. A mass ratio of potassium to sodium in the component is in the range of from 1.2 to 1.9 in terms of oxide.

Non-aqueous, hydraulic cement-forming compositions comprise a non-aqueous mixture of (a) a non-hydrated powder composition comprising calcium aluminate powder, and (b) non-aqueous water-miscible liquid. Hardened cements are formed from such hydraulic cement-forming compositions, and methods of producing hardened cements, kits, and articles of manufacture employ such hydraulic cement-forming compositions.