A base plate containing a having a top and a bottom and comprising a beryllium oxide composition containing at least 95 wt % beryllium oxide and optionally fluorine/fluoride ion. The base plate demonstrates a clamping pressure of at least 133 kPa at a temperature of at least 600° C. and a bulk resistivity greater than 1×10.sup.5 ohm-m at 800° C.

A base plate containing a having a top and a bottom and comprising a beryllium oxide composition containing at least 95 wt % beryllium oxide and optionally fluorine/fluoride ion. The base plate demonstrates a clamping pressure of at least 133 kPa at a temperature of at least 600° C. and a bulk resistivity greater than 1×10.sup.5 ohm-m at 800° C.

A crucible having a heat treated body. The heat treated body comprises a composition including an oxide material, from 5 wt % to 50 wt % a nitride material, and optionally a sintering aid. A weight ratio of the nitride material to the oxide material ranges from 0.02:1 to 2.0:1. The heat treated body has an oxide material lattice structure with nitride material at least partially encapsulated therein.

This invention relates to three-dimensional printing. This invention in particularly relates to a method of fabricating a three-dimensional object using a support edifice and also using a mold material with structural additives. The support edifice is fabricated in the same crafting material as the final three-dimensional object in the same manner as the printing of the final three-dimensional object (mold and crafting in a layer by layer manner). This method enables the support edifice to also transform during post processing in the same manner as the final three-dimensional object, thus supporting the object until finished. The system for fabricating the object comprises a dual printhead comprising a first dispensing nozzle for depositing the filament material in a flowable fluid form and a second dispensing nozzle for depositing the crafting medium, which is in a paste form. The printhead can also include a heating system or a drying apparatus. The three-dimensional imaging process for making objects, preferably metal objects or ceramic objects, on a layer-by-layer basis under the control of a data processing system is disclosed. The printing of the three-dimensional object such as heavy objects or an object having different parts having a very thin gap or space. It is important to use different processing steps and/or material to print such three-dimensional objects. The present invention provides a solution by printing a support edifice comprising a special structural additive for the mold, and further the support edifice can be printed simultaneously while printing the mold and crafting-paste material on a layer-by-layer basis. The mold material is mixed with the structural additive. The structural additive is useful for prohibiting either fusing of the object with the support edifice, or in alternative embodiments, the fusing of one part of an object with another part of an object.

A method of manufacturing a CMC structure includes infiltrating a porous substrate with a composite material and performing a first densification on the infiltrated porous substrate, forming a first densified porous substrate, wherein the first densification includes techniques selected from the group of techniques comprising photonic curing, photonic sintering, pulsed thermal heating, or combinations thereof.

The present invention relates generally in part to BeO-based compounds that are capable of storing at least part of the energy of incident ionizing radiation and releasing at least part of the stored energy upon optical stimulation and heating. BeO-based compounds dosimetry was also developed in instrumentation, application and fundamental investigations. The present disclosure further relates the to the investigation of a BeO-based optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dosimeter together with an OSL reader, and discusses the design and operation of an OSL reader, suitable to measure OSL emission of BeO-based dosimeters, for example beryllium oxide doped with sodium, dysprosium and erbium. The present disclosure further relates to the use of BeO-based compounds comprising BeO and at least one dopant selected from the group consisting of sodium, dysprosium and erbium as a fiber-coupled OSL dosimeter.

A ceramic matrix composite article includes a melt infiltration ceramic matrix composite substrate comprising a ceramic fiber reinforcement material in a ceramic matrix material having a free silicon proportion, and a chemical vapor infiltration ceramic matrix composite outer layer comprising a ceramic fiber reinforcement material in a ceramic matrix material having essentially no free silicon proportion disposed on an outer surface of at least a portion of the substrate.

This invention relates to three-dimensional printing. This invention in particular relates to a method of generating mold and printing a three-dimensional object. The mold thickness is controlled and holes are generated in the mold surface for releasing moisture easily. The mold surface having holes is designed initially digitally and then combined with the three-dimensional model before printing the three-dimensional object. In case the thickness of the mold surface is more then it reduces the overall quality of the three-dimensional object. When the model is enclosed inside the mold, there will be some residue moisture in the model even if the drying apparatus can improve this by drying layer by layer. This affects the final quality of the part. A solution of these problems is provided in the present invention. The thickness of the mold layer is between 0.5 to 1 mm and holes having 0.1 to 0.4 mm diameter. The holes are evenly distributed on the mold. The mold having the holes is prepared from which moisture can easily escape. A method of digitally generated a mold having thin layer and holes is used for fabricating three dimensional objects with high precision and quality.

This invention relates to three-dimensional printing. This invention particularly relates to a system with a dynamic variable size nozzle orifice for three-dimensional printing of objects based on crafting and molding techniques, and a method thereof. The present invention provides a dynamic variable nozzle orifice, where one embodiment uses a nozzle made of a soft flexible material. The soft flexible material, such as rubber, latex or silicone, is such that when the extrusion pressure is high the orifice will enlarge and allow wider extrusion volume for filling large or wide voids. In another scenario, when the extrusion pressure is lower the orifice will be narrower and give precise narrow extrusion to fill smaller voids. Another embodiment uses a method of controlling the orifice size which is by a mechanical means independent of the pressure in the nozzle. Such a method can utilize an iris device for controlling the size of the orifice. By utilizing the function of a dynamic orifice size of the nozzle when depositing a crafting material inside a mold structure as described herein, the printing time can be reduced without a reduction in detailing abilities. Subsequently, the systems and methods of the present invention are useful for fabricating high-quality three-dimensional objects using a crafting paste and molding techniques.

A non-woven fabric is provided which includes a three-dimensional array of fibers. The three-dimensional array of fibers includes an array of standing fibers extending perpendicular to a plane of the non-woven fabric and attached to a base substrate, where the base substrate is one or more of an expendable film substrate, a metal base substrate, or a mandrel substrate. Further, the three-dimensional array of fibers includes multiple layers of non-woven parallel fibers running parallel to the plane of the non-woven fiber in between the array of standing fibers in a defined pattern of fiber layer orientations. In implementation, the array of standing fibers are grown to extend from the base substrate using laser-assisted chemical vapor deposition (LCVD).