Provided is a honeycomb catalyst in which a plurality of through holes are provided in proximity to each other in a row arrangement in the lengthwise direction, and are set apart by partitions. A honeycomb unit contains at least two types of inorganic particles and an inorganic binder. The inorganic particles contain zeolite having an SiO2/Al2O3 composition ratio of less than 15 and a CHA structure and an oxide other than zeolite, which has a positive thermal expansion coefficient. The ratio (X:Y) of the volume (X) of zeolite and the volume (Y) of oxide is 50:50 to 80:20. A displacement amount of absorbed water is reduced and cracking is controlled while maintaining high NOx purging performance.

A powder material for three-dimensional modeling includes a base particle and a coverage film including an organic material. The coverage film covers the base particle. The powder material is used for three dimensional modeling and when the coverage film is dissolved in a solvent to prepare a solution and the solution is formed into a coated film on a smooth surface, the coated film has a wetting tension of from 22 mN/m to 28 mN/m.

We describe an apparatus for controlling a thickness of a workpiece element, the apparatus comprising: a lapping machine having a lapping plate; and a holder to hold a workpiece element; wherein said holder comprises: a workpiece element mount to mount a workpiece element to be lapped such that a surface of said workpiece element lies substantially flush with a lower face of said holder; an adjustable actuator to controllably move said surface of said workpiece element so that it remains substantially flush or projects beyond said lower face of said holder during lapping; means for urging said holder towards said lapping plate; and a sensor for sensing a displacement of the workpiece element towards said lapping plate.

We describe an apparatus for controlling a thickness of a workpiece element, the apparatus comprising: a lapping machine having a lapping plate; and a holder to hold a workpiece element; wherein said holder comprises: a workpiece element mount to mount a workpiece element to be lapped such that a surface of said workpiece element lies substantially flush with a lower face of said holder; an adjustable actuator to controllably move said surface of said workpiece element so that it remains substantially flush or projects beyond said lower face of said holder during lapping; means for urging said holder towards said lapping plate; and a sensor for sensing a displacement of the workpiece element towards said lapping plate.

Disclosed herein are embodiments of materials having high thermal conductivity along with a high dielectric constants. In some embodiments, a two phase composite ceramic material can be formed having a contiguous aluminum oxide phase with a secondary phase embedded within the continuous phase. Example secondary phases include calcium titanate, strontium titanate, or titanium dioxide.

A ceramic substrate is formed of a polycrystalline ceramic and has a supporting main surface. The supporting main surface has a roughness of 0.01 nm or more and 3.0 nm or less in terms of Sa. The number of projections and depressions with a height of 1 nm or more in a square region with 50 μm sides on the supporting main surface is less than 5 on average, and the number of projections and depressions with a height of 2 nm or more in the square region is less than 1 on average.

The present invention relates to a tangential flow separator element for separating a fluid medium for treatment into a filtrate and a retentate, said separator element having a monolithic rigid porous support (2) of rectilinear structure and having a single channel (3) arranged therein for passing the flow of the fluid medium for treatment, the outside surface (5) of the support presenting a profile that is constant. According to the invention, the monolithic rigid porous support (2) defines obstacles (9) to the flow of the fluid for filtering, which obstacles extend from the inside wall (3.sub.1) of said channel (3), are identical in material and porous texture to the support, and present continuity of material and of porous texture with the support, said obstacles (9) generating variations in the flow section of the channel.

A method for producing a three-dimensionally shaped object by stacking layers includes forming each layer using a three-dimensional shape composition containing particles, measuring the thickness of the layer, and ejecting onto the layer a liquid binder containing a binding agent capable of binding the particles. For the ejecting, the amount of the liquid binder to be ejected per unit area of the layer when viewed from above is adjusted according to the result of the measuring.

The present invention relates to a tangential flow separator element for separating a fluid medium for treatment into a filtrate and a retentate, said separator element comprising a monolithic rigid porous support (2) of rectilinear structure with a plurality of channels (3) formed therein for passing a flow of the fluid medium for treatment between an inlet (6) and an outlet (7) for the retentate, in order to recover a filtrate from the outside surface (5) of the support.

According to the invention, the monolithic rigid porous support (2) defines obstacles (9) to the flow of the fluid for treatment, which obstacles extend from the inside walls (31) of said channels, are identical in material and porous texture to the support, and present continuity of material and of porous texture with the support, the obstacles (9) generating variations in the flow sections of the channels.

A layer by layer additive manufacturing system from liquid polymers for producing dense and defect free polymer-derived ceramic bodies of a three dimensional architecture.