A method for producing a heater with a co-sintered multilayer construction for a system for providing an inhalable aerosol, including providing at least one first substrate layer, arranging at least one first insulating layer at least in areas on the first substrate layer, arranging at least one heating element at least in areas on the first insulating layer, arranging at least one second substrate layer and at least one second insulating layer at least in areas on the heating element. The second insulating layer is arranged at least in areas on the second substrate layer, and the second insulating layer is in contact at least in areas with the heating element and/or with the first insulating layer. The method includes pressing the layers and the heating element, and firing the pressed layers in order to co-sinter the layers of the multilayer construction.

A problem to be solved is to provide a method for processing zirconia without producing a monoclinic crystal. The solution is a method for processing zirconia, including the step of irradiating the zirconia with a laser with a pulse duration of 10.sup.−12 seconds to 10.sup.−15 seconds at an intensity of 10.sup.13 to 10.sup.15 W/cm.sup.2.

A problem to be solved is to provide a method for processing zirconia without producing a monoclinic crystal. The solution is a method for processing zirconia, including the step of irradiating the zirconia with a laser with a pulse duration of 10.sup.−12 seconds to 10.sup.−15 seconds at an intensity of 10.sup.13 to 10.sup.15 W/cm.sup.2.

A problem to be solved is to provide a method for processing zirconia without producing a monoclinic crystal. The solution is a method for processing zirconia, including the step of irradiating the zirconia with a laser with a pulse duration of 10.sup.−12 seconds to 10.sup.−15 seconds at an intensity of 10.sup.13 to 10.sup.15 W/cm.sup.2.

A method for enhancing optical properties of sintered, zirconia ceramic bodies and zirconia ceramic dental restorations is provided. The porous or pre-sintered stage of a ceramic body is treated with an yttrium-containing composition and sintered, resulting in sintered ceramic bodies having enhanced optical properties. The enhanced optical properties may be substantially permanent, remaining for the useful life of the sintered ceramic body.

A method for enhancing optical properties of sintered, zirconia ceramic bodies and zirconia ceramic dental restorations is provided. The porous or pre-sintered stage of a ceramic body is treated with an yttrium-containing composition and sintered, resulting in sintered ceramic bodies having enhanced optical properties. The enhanced optical properties may be substantially permanent, remaining for the useful life of the sintered ceramic body.

Disclosed is a method of manufacturing a porous ceramic body, which includes: (S1) mixing silica powders having a particle size of 0.045˜0.5 mm, zircon flour and wax, thus preparing a ceramic mixture; (S2) placing the ceramic mixture into a mold, thus producing a green body; and (S3) sintering the green body at high temperature, thus obtaining a porous ceramic body, wherein the silica having a particle size of 0.1˜0.5 mm is contained in an amount of 50˜80 wt % based on the total weight of the porous ceramic body; and also which produces a bulk porous ceramic body having good strength and leaching properties with excellent dimensional stability and shape stability.

Disclosed is a method of manufacturing a porous ceramic body, which includes: (S1) mixing silica powders having a particle size of 0.045˜0.5 mm, zircon flour and wax, thus preparing a ceramic mixture; (S2) placing the ceramic mixture into a mold, thus producing a green body; and (S3) sintering the green body at high temperature, thus obtaining a porous ceramic body, wherein the silica having a particle size of 0.1˜0.5 mm is contained in an amount of 50˜80 wt % based on the total weight of the porous ceramic body; and also which produces a bulk porous ceramic body having good strength and leaching properties with excellent dimensional stability and shape stability.

A phosphor thermometry device includes a laser that generates a laser pulse onto a thermal barrier coating (TBC) applied onto a substrate. A metallic bond coat layer is on the substrate. A ceramic top coat layer is on the bond coat layer and includes an undoped layer and a doped sensing layer having co-doped first and second rare-earth luminescent dopants that emit respective first and second different emission wavelengths upon excitation by the laser pulse. A detector receives reflected, convoluted luminescence signals from the TBC. First and second photomultiplier devices detect respective first and second different emission wavelengths of the convoluted luminescence signals. A controller receives and processes signals generated from respective first and second photomultiplier devices and determines luminescence lifetime decay and intensity variations for each of the respective first and second rare-earth luminescent dopants for temperature monitoring of the TBC.

Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to articles, coated articles and methods of coating such articles with a rare earth metal containing oxide coating. The coating can contain at least a first metal (e.g., a rare earth metal, tantalum, zirconium, etc.) and a second metal that have been co-deposited onto a surface of the article. The coating can include a homogenous mixture of the first metal and the second metal and does not contain mechanical segregation between layers in the coating.