The present invention(s) is directed to novel conductive M.sub.n+1X.sub.n(T.sub.s) compositions exhibiting high volumetric capacitances, and methods of making the same. The present invention(s) is also directed to novel conductive M.sub.n+1X.sub.n(T.sub.s) compositions, methods of preparing transparent conductors using these materials, and products derived from these methods.

The present invention(s) is directed to novel conductive M.sub.n+1X.sub.n(T.sub.s) compositions exhibiting high volumetric capacitances, and methods of making the same. The present invention(s) is also directed to novel conductive M.sub.n+1X.sub.n(T.sub.s) compositions, methods of preparing transparent conductors using these materials, and products derived from these methods.

This invention provides resin formulations which may be used for 3D printing and pyrolyzing to produce a ceramic matrix composite. The resin formulations contain a solid-phase filler, to provide high thermal stability and mechanical strength (e.g., fracture toughness) in the final ceramic material. The invention provides direct, free-form 3D printing of a preceramic polymer loaded with a solid-phase filler, followed by converting the preceramic polymer to a 3D-printed ceramic matrix composite with potentially complex 3D shapes or in the form of large parts. Other variations provide active solid-phase functional additives as solid-phase fillers, to perform or enhance at least one chemical, physical, mechanical, or electrical function within the ceramic structure as it is being formed as well as in the final structure. Solid-phase functional additives actively improve the final ceramic structure through one or more changes actively induced by the additives during pyrolysis or other thermal treatment.

A tungsten carbide powder 1 includes bonded bodies 10 each including a plurality of tungsten carbide crystal grains 11, in which the bonded bodies 10 include, at a grain boundary 11a between the plurality of tungsten carbide crystal grains 11, a chromium-concentrated region 12 which has a chromium concentration higher than that in the tungsten carbide crystal grains 11.

The present invention(s) is directed to novel conductive M.sub.n+1X.sub.n(T.sub.s) compositions exhibiting high volumetric capacitances, and methods of making the same. The present invention(s) is also directed to novel conductive M.sub.n+1X.sub.n(T.sub.s) compositions, methods of preparing transparent conductors using these materials, and products derived from these methods.

The present invention(s) is directed to novel conductive M.sub.n+1X.sub.n(T.sub.s) compositions exhibiting high volumetric capacitances, and methods of making the same. The present invention(s) is also directed to novel conductive M.sub.n+1X.sub.n(T.sub.s) compositions, methods of preparing transparent conductors using these materials, and products derived from these methods.

A method of fabricating a composite material part includes placing a fiber texture in a mold including in its bottom portion a porous material part on which a first face of the texture rests, injecting a liquid under pressure into the fiber texture, the liquid containing a powder of refractory ceramic particles, and draining through the porous material part the liquid that has passed through the fiber texture, while retaining the powder of refractory ceramic particles inside said texture by the porous material part. A perforated rigid element is interposed between the bottom of the mold and the porous material part.

A method of fabricating a composite material part includes placing a fiber texture in a mold including in its bottom portion a porous material part on which a first face of the texture rests, injecting a liquid under pressure into the fiber texture, the liquid containing a powder of refractory ceramic particles, and draining through the porous material part the liquid that has passed through the fiber texture, while retaining the powder of refractory ceramic particles inside said texture by the porous material part. A perforated rigid element is interposed between the bottom of the mold and the porous material part.

The invention relates to a method for treating fluoride-containing, in particular HF containing wastewater to remove fluoride and to a corresponding apparatus. In the new method calcium carbonate is reacted in a reaction step at an acidic pH≤4 with the fluoride in the wastewater to form calcium fluoride particles. Then, in a subsequent filtration step said calcium fluoride particles are separated by a porous membrane from the treated wastewater. The inventive apparatus comprises at least one reaction container/tank for reacting calcium carbonate at an acidic pH≤4 with fluoride in the wastewater to form calcium fluoride particles, as well as at least one porous membrane, in particular at least one porous ceramic membrane for separating calcium fluoride particles from the treated wastewater in a filtration step.

This invention provides resin formulations which may be used for 3D printing and pyrolyzing to produce a ceramic matrix composite. The resin formulations contain a solid-phase filler, to provide high thermal stability and mechanical strength (e.g., fracture toughness) in the final ceramic material. The invention provides direct, free-form 3D printing of a preceramic polymer loaded with a solid-phase filler, followed by converting the preceramic polymer to a 3D-printed ceramic matrix composite with potentially complex 3D shapes or in the form of large parts. Other variations provide active solid-phase functional additives as solid-phase fillers, to perform or enhance at least one chemical, physical, mechanical, or electrical function within the ceramic structure as it is being formed as well as in the final structure. Solid-phase functional additives actively improve the final ceramic structure through one or more changes actively induced by the additives during pyrolysis or other thermal treatment.