Set forth herein are processes and materials for making ceramic thin films by casting ceramic source powders and precursor reactants, binders, and functional additives into unsintered thin films and subsequently sintering the thin films under controlled atmospheres and on specific substrates.

An oxide superconductor includes: REBa.sub.2Cu.sub.3O.sub.7-x (RE being one element selected from a “RE element group” of Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Y, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu). The RE includes at least three types of metallic elements (M1, M2, and M3), and the three types of metallic elements are any element of the RE element group selected in order. In an oxide system satisfying R(M1)≤20 mol % and R(M2)≥60 mol % and R(M3)≤20 mol %, R(M1) being an average metallic element ratio of M1 in M1+M2+M3, SD(Ms)>0.15 is satisfied at a position at 50% of an average film thickness of a cross section including the c-axis, Ms being the metallic element of not larger of R(M1) and R(M3), SD(Ms) being a standard deviation/average value of a concentration of Ms.

Electrolyte for a solid-state battery includes a body having grains of inorganic material sintered to one another, where the grains include lithium. The body is thin, has little porosity by volume, and has high ionic conductivity.

A dielectric composition including a complex oxide containing bismuth, zinc, and niobium, includes a crystal phase formed of the complex oxide and having a pyrochlore type crystal structure, and an amorphous phase. When the complex oxide is represented by a composition formula Bi.sub.xZn.sub.yNb.sub.zO.sub.1.75+δ, in which x, y, and z satisfy relations of x+y+z=1.00, 0.20≤y≤0.50, and 2/3≤x/z≤3/2.

Some variations provide a magnetically anisotropic structure comprising a magnetically anisotropic film on a substrate, wherein the magnetically anisotropic film contains a plurality of discrete magnetic hexaferrite particles, wherein the film is characterized by an average film thickness from 1 micron to 5 millimeters, and wherein the magnetically anisotropic film contains from 2 wt % to 75 wt % organic matter. Some variations provide a magnetically anisotropic structure comprising an out-of-plane magnetically anisotropic film on a substrate, wherein the magnetically anisotropic film contains a plurality of discrete magnetic hexaferrite particles, wherein the film is characterized by an average film thickness from 1 micron to 5 millimeters, and wherein the magnetically anisotropic film contains a concentration of hexaferrite particles of at least 40 vol %. The magnetically anisotropic structures are fabricated at low temperatures so that the magnetically anisotropic film may be monolithically integrated into an integrated-circuit fabrication process.

A member includes a base material structure and a surface layer on the base material structure. The surface layer includes a particle that includes Y—O—F. The base material structure includes interface layers in contact with the surface layer. The interface layers of the base material structure include fluorine.

According to an example, a green body may include from about 1 wt. % to about 20 wt. % of a metal nanoparticle binder and a build material powder, wherein the metal nanoparticle binder is selectively located within an area of the green body to impart a strength greater than about 3 MPa.

Set forth herein are garnet material compositions, e.g., lithium-stuffed garnets and lithium-stuffed garnets doped with alumina, which are suitable for use as electrolytes and catholytes in solid state battery applications. Also set forth herein are lithium-stuffed garnet thin films having fine grains therein. Disclosed herein are novel and inventive methods of making and using lithium-stuffed garnets as catholytes, electrolytes and/or anolytes for all solid state lithium rechargeable batteries. Also disclosed herein are novel electrochemical devices which incorporate these garnet catholytes, electrolytes and/or anolytes. Also set forth herein are methods for preparing novel structures, including dense thin (<50 um) free standing membranes of an ionically conducting material for use as a catholyte, electrolyte, and, or, anolyte, in an electrochemical device, a battery component (positive or negative electrode materials), or a complete solid state electrochemical energy storage device. Also, the methods set forth herein disclose novel sintering techniques, e.g., for heating and/or field assisted (FAST) sintering, for solid state energy storage devices and the components thereof.

This invention provides resin formulations which may be used for 3D printing and pyrolyzing to produce a ceramic matrix composite. The resin formulations contain a solid-phase filler, to provide high thermal stability and mechanical strength (e.g., fracture toughness) in the final ceramic material. The invention provides direct, free-form 3D printing of a preceramic polymer loaded with a solid-phase filler, followed by converting the preceramic polymer to a 3D-printed ceramic matrix composite with potentially complex 3D shapes or in the form of large parts. Other variations provide active solid-phase functional additives as solid-phase fillers, to perform or enhance at least one chemical, physical, mechanical, or electrical function within the ceramic structure as it is being formed as well as in the final structure. Solid-phase functional additives actively improve the final ceramic structure through one or more changes actively induced by the additives during pyrolysis or other thermal treatment.

A ceramic sheet including a principal surface having particle marks is disclosed. The average width of the particle marks is 0.2 to 50 μm, the average depth of the particle marks along the sheet thickness direction is 0.1 to 25 μm, and the coefficient of variation of the widths of the particle marks is 0.23 or more.