According to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a plasma-resistant member including: a base member; and a layer structural component formed at a surface of the base member, the layer structural component including an yttria polycrystalline body and being plasma resistant, the layer structural component including a first uneven structure, and a second uneven structure formed to be superimposed onto the first uneven structure, the second uneven structure having an unevenness finer than an unevenness of the first uneven structure.

Embodiments include a method of forming an initiator. The method includes placing an energetic powder in a container. A solvent is added to the container and the solvent and energetic powder are mixed to form a slurry mixture. The slurry mixture is filtered. The filtered slurry mixture is placed in a transfer tube. The slurry mixture is applied to a bridge wire. The slurry mixture applied to the bridge wire is then dried.

This thermal spray material including composite particles containing an yttrium oxide and an ammonium yttrium fluoride complex salt is used to form a thermal spray film comprising yttrium oxyfluoride formed by thermal-spraying in the air. When the thermal spray film is formed through thermal-spraying in the air by using the thermal spray material of the present invention, the loss of fluorine from the thermal spraying material during thermal-spraying is reduced, and a thermal spray film containing yttrium oxyfluoride can be formed by controlling a composition, so that a thermal spray film having a desired composition, particularly a desired F/Y, can be easily formed.

A surface-coated cutting tool according to the present invention includes a tool body and a hard coating layer including a complex carbonitride layer containing a small amount of chlorine and (Ti.sub.(1-x)Zr.sub.xyHf.sub.x(1-y))(N.sub.(1-z)C.sub.z) (0.10≤x≤0.90, 0<y≤1.0, 0.08<z<0.60), a ZrHf and C content ratios in cycles, a cycle distance between a maximum ZrHf content point and an adjacent minimum ZrHf content point and a cycle distance between a maximum C content point and an adjacent minimum C content point are 5 to 100 nm, an average value of content ratio differences Δx and Δz is 0.02 or more, a distance between the maximum ZrHf content point and the maximum C content point is ⅕ or less of the distance between a maximum content point and a minimum content point of adjacent ZrHf components, and a composition fluctuation structure is 10% or more.

A method for forming an oxidation protection system on a composite structure may comprise: applying a ceramic layer slurry to the composite structure, wherein the ceramic layer slurry comprises aluminum and silicon in a solvent or carrier fluid; and heating the composite structure in an environment comprising nitrogen gas and oxygen gas to form a ceramic layer on the composite structure, wherein the ceramic layer comprises aluminum nitride and alumina.

A method for manufacturing a dense layer that includes: supplying a substrate and a suspension of non-agglomerated nanoparticles of a material P; depositing a layer on the substrate using the suspension; drying the layer thus obtained; and densifying the dried layer by mechanical compression and/or heat treatment. The method is characterised in that the suspension of non-agglomerated nanoparticles of material P includes nanoparticles of material P having a size distribution having a value of D50. The distribution includes nanoparticles of material P of a first size D1 between 20 nm and 50 nm, and nanoparticles of material P of a second size D2 characterised by the value D50 being at least five times less than that of D1, or the distribution has a mean size of nanoparticles of material P less than 50 nm, and a standard deviation to mean size ratio greater than 0.6.

Silicon (Si) based high temperature coatings and base materials and methods of making those materials. More specifically, methods and materials having silicon, oxygen and carbon containing polymer derived ceramic liquids that form filled and unfiled coatings, including high temperature crack resistant coatings.

A process for producing an interior trim part (1) with a decorative layer situated on a first side (S1) thereof and forming a decorative pattern (M) for the interior of a motor vehicle, the process comprising the following steps: (a) formation of at least one cutout configuration (R), defined by a predetermined decorative pattern (M), in a protective layer (120) situated on a first side (S1), which is situated on a first surface (110a) of the shell-shaped base body (110) made of a metallic material, (b) deposition of sinterable decorative material on the first side (S1) in such a way that the decorative material, as an intermediate layer (150), covers at least the area in which the cutout configuration (R) defined by the decorative pattern (M) is formed in the protective layer (120), (c) laser-sintering of the intermediate layer (150) inside the at least one cutout configuration defined by the decorative pattern (M), (d) removal of the sinterable decorative material that is situated outside the at least one cutout configuration defined by the decorative pattern (M),
as well as an interior trim part (1).

An antimicrobial material including a substrate and an antimicrobial mixed metal oxide, mixed metal sulfide, or mixed metal oxysulfide in and/or on the substrate is described, as well as antimicrobial coating materials and coatings formed therefrom. The antimicrobial material may be constituted in an antimicrobial surface of a surface-presenting substrate, to combat transmission and spread of microbial disease, e.g., disease mediated by microbial pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Antimicrobial mixed metal oxide, mixed metal sulfide, or mixed metal oxysulfide as described may be contacted with microorganisms to effect inactivation thereof.

An article includes a substrate, an intermediate coating on the substrate, and an environmental barrier coating (EBC) on the intermediate coating. The substrate includes a ceramic, ceramic matrix composite (CMC), or superalloy. The EBC includes a rare earth disilicate. When the intermediate coating is at an initial state, such as prior to exposure to an oxidating environment, the intermediate coating includes a bond coat on the substrate and a reactive layer on the bond coat. The bond coat includes silicon, while the reactive layer includes a rare earth monosilicate or rare earth oxide. In response to oxidation of a portion of the silicon of the bond coat to form silicon dioxide, a portion of the rare earth monosilicate or rare earth oxide of the reactive layer is configured to react with at least a portion of the silicon dioxide to form a converted layer that includes a rare earth disilicate.