A refractory object may include a zircon body that is intentionally doped with a dopant including an alkaline earth element and aluminum. The refractory object can have an improved creep deformation rate. In an embodiment, the refractory object can have a creep deformation rate of not greater than about 1.8 E-5 h.sup.−1 at a temperature of 1350° C. and a stress of 2 MPa. In another embodiment, the zircon body may include an amorphous phase including an alkaline earth metal element.

A piezoelectric material composition, a method of manufacturing the same, a piezoelectric device, and apparatus including the piezoelectric device. The piezoelectric device may include a piezoelectric device layer including a first material and a second material surrounded by the first material, a first electrode portion disposed at a first surface of the piezoelectric device layer, and a second electrode portion disposed at a second surface of the piezoelectric device layer opposite to the first surface, wherein the piezoelectric device layer comprises a piezoelectric material composition represented by Chemical Formula 1: 0.96(Na.sub.aK.sub.1-a)(Nb.sub.b(T.sub.1-b))O.sub.3-(0.04-x)MZrO.sub.3-x(Bi.sub.cAg.sub.1-c)ZrO.sub.3+d mol % NaNbO.sub.3, wherein T is Sb or Ta, M is Sr, Ba or Ca, a is 0.4≤a≤0.6, b is 0.90≤b≤0.98, c is 0.4≤c≤0.6, d is 0≤d≤5.0, and x is 0≤x≤0.04 and wherein T is Sb or Ta and M is Sr, Ba, or Ca.

Disclosed is a method for manufacturing a ceramic susceptor, the method including: preparing ceramic sheets; preparing a lamination structure of a molded body, in which the ceramic sheets are laminated and a conductive metal layer for electrodes is disposed between the ceramic sheet laminated products; and sintering the lamination structure of the molded body, wherein the preparing of the ceramic sheets includes: obtaining a vitrified first additive powder by heat-treating a slurry containing MgO, SiO.sub.2, and CaO; preparing a slurry by mixing an Al.sub.2O.sub.3 powder with the first additive powder, a second additive powder containing a MgO powder, and a third additive powder containing a Y.sub.2O.sub.3 powder; and forming the ceramic sheets by tape casting the slurry.

A coating fabrication method includes providing engineered granules and thermally consolidating the engineered granules on a substrate to form a silicate-resistant barrier coating. Each of the engineered granules is an aggregate of at least one refractory matrix region and at least one calcium aluminosilicate additive region (CAS additive region) attached with the at least one refractory matrix region. In the thermal consolidation, the refractory matrix region from the engineered granules form grains of a refractory matrix of the silicate-resistant barrier coating and the CAS additive region from the engineered granules form CAS additives that are dispersed in grain boundaries between the grains.

A process for preparing roofing granules includes forming kaolin clay into green granules and sintering the green granules at a temperature of at least 900 degrees Celsius to cure the green granules until the crystalline content of the sintered granules is at least ten percent as determined by x-ray diffraction.

Provided are novel high entropy nitrides (HENs) exhibiting excellent physical and chemical properties. Also provided are systems and methods to synthesize bulk HENs by reaction flash sintering. Commercial metal nitride powders can be consolidated into near fully dense single-phase bulk ceramic with a proprietary flash sintering apparatus. A constant DC electrical field of ˜80 V/cm and pressure of ˜15 MPa at room temperature can trigger reaction flash sintering without pre-heating, and the entire process can finish in ˜250 seconds to ˜400 seconds.

A molding tool made of carbon or graphite, namely a casting mold or a casting core for the processing of molten metal or to a molding tool for the processing of molten glass, such as for example a blow mold and a method for producing the molding tool.

The invention relates to a method for producing a non-oxide ceramic powder comprising a nitride, a carbide, a boride or at least one MAX phase with the general composition Mn+1AXn, where M=at least one element from the group of transition elements (Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf and Ta), A=at least one A group element from the group (Si, Al, Ga, Ge, As, Cd, In, Sn, Tl and Pb), X=carbon (C) and/or nitrogen (N) and/or boron (B), and n=1, 2 or 3. According to the invention, corresponding quantities of elementary starting materials or other precursors are mixed with at least one metal halide salt (NZ), compressed (pellet), and heated for synthesis with a metal halide salt (NZ). The compressed pellet is first enveloped with another metal halide salt, compressed again, arranged in a salt bath and heated therewith until the melting temperature of the salt is exceeded. Optionally, melted silicate can be added, which prevents the salt from evaporating at high temperatures. Advantageously, the method can be carried out in the presence of air.

A manufacturing method of a honeycomb structure including: a dry mixing step of dry-mixing raw materials to form the honeycomb structure by a batch treatment, a wet mixing step of adding a liquid including at least one selected from the group consisting of water, a surfactant, a lubricant and a plasticizer to a dry mixture obtained in the dry mixing step, to perform wet mixing, a kneading step of kneading a wet mixture obtained in the wet mixing step, and a forming step of extruding a forming material prepared in the kneading step, wherein in the dry mixing step, a used forming material passed through the forming step is added as a part of the raw material, to perform dry mixing, and the kneading step includes a liquid re-adding step of further adding the liquid in a process of kneading the wet mixture.

A ceramic subassembly manufactured by a 3D-printing process is described. The ceramic subassembly comprises a ceramic substrate having a sidewall extending to spaced apart first and second end surfaces. At least one via extends through the substrate from the ceramic substrate first end surface to the ceramic substrate second end surface. In cross-section, the via has a square-shape with rounded corners.