Methods of forming a carbon fiber reinforced carbon foam are provided. Such a method may comprise heating a porous body composed of a solid material comprising covalently bound carbon atoms and heteroatoms and having a surface defining pores distributed throughout the solid material, in the presence of an added source of gaseous hydrocarbons. The heating generates free radicals in the porous body from the heteroatoms and induces reactions between the free radicals and the gaseous hydrocarbons to form covalently bound carbon nanofibers extending from the surface of the solid material and a network of entangled carbon microfibers within the pores the porous body, thereby forming a carbon fiber reinforced carbon foam. Carbon fiber reinforced carbon foams and ballistic barriers incorporating the foams are also provided.

A coated ceramic honeycomb body comprising a honeycomb structure comprising a matrix of intersecting porous walls forming a plurality of axially-extending channels, at least some of the plurality of axially-extending channels being plugged to form inlet channels and outlet channels, wherein a total surface area of the outlet channels is greater than a total surface area of the inlet channels, and wherein a catalyst is preferentially located within the outlet channels. and preferentially disposed on non-filtration walls of the outlet channels. Methods and apparatus configured to preferentially apply a catalyst-containing slurry to the outlet channels and non-filtration walls are provided, as are other aspects.

A coated ceramic honeycomb body comprising a honeycomb structure comprising a matrix of intersecting porous walls forming a plurality of axially-extending channels, at least some of the plurality of axially-extending channels being plugged to form inlet channels and outlet channels, wherein a total surface area of the outlet channels is greater than a total surface area of the inlet channels, and wherein a catalyst is preferentially located within the outlet channels. and preferentially disposed on non-filtration walls of the outlet channels. Methods and apparatus configured to preferentially apply a catalyst-containing slurry to the outlet channels and non-filtration walls are provided, as are other aspects.

A composite sheet includes porous a nitride sintered body having a thickness of less than 2 mm and resins filled in pores of the nitride sintered body, and has a main surface having a maximum height roughness Rz of less than 20 μm. A method for manufacturing the composite sheet includes an impregnating step of impregnating pores of a porous the nitride sintered body having a thickness of less than 2 mm with a resin composition, a smoothing step of smoothing the resin composition attached to a main surface of the nitride sintered body to obtain a resin-impregnated body in which a part of the main surface is exposed, and a curing step of heating the resin-impregnated body to cure or semi-cure the resin composition impregnated in the pores to obtain the composite sheet.

Composite ceramic materials are disclosed in which an interconnected network of ceramic material on a substrate contains pores with an accessible pore volume that is at least partially filled with a polymer, resin, and/or wax.

Surface modifications and coating materials are provided that may be applied to a substrate to reduce or eliminate damage that would accrue to do environmental effects or operational stress when incorporated into a device such as a heat exchanger. Structured ceramic surface modification materials may be incorporated into the surface modification and may optionally include a gradient in one or more physical or chemical property.

A vehicular exhaust filter comprising a porous substrate having an inlet face and an outlet face with the porous substrate comprising inlet channels extending from the inlet face and outlet channels extending from the outlet face is disclosed. The inlet channels and the outlet channels are separated by a plurality of filter walls having a porous structure. The vehicular exhaust filter is loaded with a refractory powder having a tapped density before loading of less than 0.10 g/cm.sup.3 and the vehicular exhaust filter has a mass loading of the refractory powder of less than 10 g/l.

Assemblies of stacked layers of materials are described. The assemblies include functional and structural layers. Functional layers include binderless ceramic materials on woven or non-woven substrates of natural, synthetic, or metallic materials. The layers of functional and structural materials may be configured to transport moisture or heat from an inner surface to an outer surface that is exposed to an ambient environment.

The present invention relates to a wall-flow filter, to a method for the production and the use thereof in order to reduce harmful exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine. The wall-flow filter was produced by applying a powder-gas aerosol to the filter, whereby the powder was deposited in the pores of the wall-flow filter.

The present invention relates to a wall-flow filter, to a method for the production and the use thereof in order to reduce harmful exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine. The wall-flow filter was produced by applying a powder-gas aerosol to the filter, whereby the powder was deposited in the pores of the wall-flow filter.