A cementitious composite for in-situ hydration includes a structure layer having a first side and an opposing second side, a cementitious material disposed within the structure layer, a sealing layer disposed along and coupled to the first side of the structure layer, and a containment layer disposed along the opposing second side of the structure layer. The structure layer has an intersection at the sealing layer and the containment layer that is at least partially fiberless. The cementitious material includes a plurality of cementitious particles. The containment layer is configured to prevent the plurality of cementitious particles from migrating out of the structure layer.

A method and system for strengthening and hardening unpaved surfaces is presented wherein a triglyceride composition is applied to an unpaved area. The composition is comprised of a homogenized mixture of one or more triglycerides, water, one or more surfactants, and, optionally, a catalyst. The triglycerides used in the composition are generally commercially-available oils and greases, such as naturally-derived oils that contain mono- and poly-unsaturated fatty acid triglycerides, such as those found in used cooking oil. The surfactant acts as a stabilizing agent and also aids in the saturation of the unpaved surface during application. The catalyst facilitates the drying and hardening process. The unpaved surface is compacted with a heavy roller and/or a vibratory compactor and then coated with an application of the triglyceride composition. In alternate embodiments, the triglyceride mixture is applied before the unpaved surface is compacted.

A method and system for strengthening and hardening unpaved surfaces is presented wherein a triglyceride composition is applied to an unpaved area. The composition is comprised of a homogenized mixture of one or more triglycerides, water, one or more surfactants, and, optionally, a catalyst. The triglycerides used in the composition are generally commercially-available oils and greases, such as naturally-derived oils that contain mono- and poly-unsaturated fatty acid triglycerides, such as those found in used cooking oil. The surfactant acts as a stabilizing agent and also aids in the saturation of the unpaved surface during application. The catalyst facilitates the drying and hardening process. The unpaved surface is compacted with a heavy roller and/or a vibratory compactor and then coated with an application of the triglyceride composition. In alternate embodiments, the triglyceride mixture is applied before the unpaved surface is compacted.

A dry papercrete mix is formed by preparing a wet pulp of fiber material such as newsprint and sharp sand by mixing sand, fiber material and water in a batch or continuous mixer, drying the pulp to a moisture content below that which will cause a reaction with Portland cement and adding additional sands and/or pumice and Portland cement. The resulting dry, granular mix can then be handled stored and used in the manner which is conventional for concrete. The dry papercrete mix can also be applied by pouring the dry papercrete mix into a desired volume such as a form in a dry state and injecting water into the dry papercrete mix until the mix is sufficiently wetted without a requirement for mixing in the manner common for concrete. Structural modules and a technique for joining them into a structure are particularly appropriate to the use of dry application papercrete.

A dry papercrete mix is formed by preparing a wet pulp of fiber material such as newsprint and sharp sand by mixing sand, fiber material and water in a batch or continuous mixer, drying the pulp to a moisture content below that which will cause a reaction with Portland cement and adding additional sands and/or pumice and Portland cement. The resulting dry, granular mix can then be handled stored and used in the manner which is conventional for concrete. The dry papercrete mix can also be applied by pouring the dry papercrete mix into a desired volume such as a form in a dry state and injecting water into the dry papercrete mix until the mix is sufficiently wetted without a requirement for mixing in the manner common for concrete. Structural modules and a technique for joining them into a structure are particularly appropriate to the use of dry application papercrete.

A cement spacer fluid for use in a wellbore includes an aqueous cement spacer carrier fluid and a preformed synthetic polymer swellable in the aqueous cement spacer carrier fluid in an amount effective to displace a drilling fluid during a cementing operation. Preferably, the polymer is particulate, and forms a hydrated pack of particles. A method of cementing a wellbore comprising a drilling fluid includes injecting the cement spacer fluid into the wellbore to displace the drilling fluid; injecting a cement slurry into the wellbore subsequent to injecting the cement spacer fluid; and hardening the cement in the slurry to cement the wellbore.

A cement spacer fluid for use in a wellbore includes an aqueous cement spacer carrier fluid and a preformed synthetic polymer swellable in the aqueous cement spacer carrier fluid in an amount effective to displace a drilling fluid during a cementing operation. Preferably, the polymer is particulate, and forms a hydrated pack of particles. A method of cementing a wellbore comprising a drilling fluid includes injecting the cement spacer fluid into the wellbore to displace the drilling fluid; injecting a cement slurry into the wellbore subsequent to injecting the cement spacer fluid; and hardening the cement in the slurry to cement the wellbore.

The embodiments described herein generally relate to methods and chemical compositions for coating substrates with a composition. In one embodiment, an adhesive composition is provided comprising a reaction product of a polyacid selected from the group consisting of an aromatic polyacid, an aliphatic polyacid, an aliphatic polyacid with an aromatic group, and combinations thereof, or a diglycidyl ether; and a polyamine; and one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of a branched aliphatic acid, a cyclic aliphatic acid with a cyclic aliphatic group, a linear aliphatic, and combinations thereof.

The embodiments described herein generally relate to methods and chemical compositions for coating substrates with a composition. In one embodiment, an adhesive composition is provided comprising a reaction product of a polyacid selected from the group consisting of an aromatic polyacid, an aliphatic polyacid, an aliphatic polyacid with an aromatic group, and combinations thereof, or a diglycidyl ether; and a polyamine; and one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of a branched aliphatic acid, a cyclic aliphatic acid with a cyclic aliphatic group, a linear aliphatic, and combinations thereof.

A dry papercrete mix is formed by preparing a wet pulp of fiber material such as newsprint and sharp sand by mixing sand, fiber material and water in a batch or continuous mixer, drying the pulp to a moisture content below that which will cause a reaction with Portland cement and adding additional sands and/or pumice and Portland cement. The resulting dry, granular mix can then be handled stored and used in the manner which is conventional for concrete. The dry papercrete mix can also be applied by pouring the dry papercrete mix into a desired volume such as a form in a dry state and injecting water into the dry papercrete mix until the mix is sufficiently wetted without a requirement for mixing in the manner common for concrete. Structural modules and a technique for joining them into a structure are particularly appropriate to the use of dry application papercrete.