A battery including, as a separator, a functional layer including a layered double hydroxide that contains Ni, Al, Ti and Zn, and has an atomic ratio Zn/(Ni+Ti+AI+Zn) of 0.04 or more determined by an energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDS).

A battery including, as a separator, a functional layer including a layered double hydroxide that contains Ni, Al, Ti and Zn, and has an atomic ratio Zn/(Ni+Ti+AI+Zn) of 0.04 or more determined by an energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDS).

A conductive cementitious material is disclosed that may be applied by conventional techniques. The conductive cementitious material has a plurality of metal-coated fibers precision chopped to longer lengths and a cementitious material base. The metal-coated fibers are dispersed throughout the cementitious material base to create a complex electron transport system facilitating conductivity sufficient to meet or exceed desired thresholds of conductivity. The complex electron transport system created facilitates conductivity with lower loadings. The additional unloaded portion of cementitious material base may receive other multifunctional materials. Exemplary conductive cementitious materials provide controlled heating of the cementitious material by applying an electrical current.

A system, method and kit for coloring dental ceramics. The system, method, and kit resulting capable of adjusting the shade of a dental restoration milled from a colored zirconia porcelain block from one color value of the VITA shade guide to a different color value of the VITA shade guide.

A system, method and kit for coloring dental ceramics. The system, method, and kit resulting capable of adjusting the shade of a dental restoration milled from a colored zirconia porcelain block from one color value of the VITA shade guide to a different color value of the VITA shade guide.

A system, method and kit for coloring dental ceramics. The system, method, and kit resulting capable of adjusting the shade of a dental restoration milled from a colored zirconia porcelain block from one color value of the VITA shade guide to a different color value of the VITA shade guide.

A system, method and kit for coloring dental ceramics. The system, method, and kit resulting capable of adjusting the shade of a dental restoration milled from a colored zirconia porcelain block from one color value of the VITA shade guide to a different color value of the VITA shade guide.

There is provided a functional layer including a layered double hydroxide. The functional layer further contains titania.

There is provided a functional layer including a layered double hydroxide. The functional layer further contains titania.

There is provided a functional layer including a layered double hydroxide, which is composed of: a plurality of basic hydroxide layers including Ni, Al, Ti, and OH groups; and intermediate layers composed of anions and H.sub.2O, each intermediate layer being interposed between two adjacent basic hydroxide layers.