The invention relates to a sealing wall building material, which has a binding agent with cement and aggregates. It is provided according to the invention that the binding agent comprises a mixture of cement and fly ash, wherein it is free of clay material, and that it has an impermeability with a kf value of 10.sup.7 m/s and less.

A composition for forming a bio-compatible membrane applicable to building material, such as concrete, cement, etc., to a method of applying said composition for forming a biocompatible membrane, a biocompatible membrane, use of said membrane for various purposes, and to building material comprising said membrane.

Provided are objects constructed of compressed salt combinations including salt and at least one additive, wherein the at least one additive is selected to impart the object with resistance to water and humidity.

A composite pavement structure comprises a wearing course layer and a base course layer disposed below the wearing course layer. The base course layer comprises aggregate and an elastomeric composition. The elastomeric composition comprises the reaction product of an isocyanate component and an isocyanate-reactive component. The isocyanate component comprises a polymeric isocyanate, and optionally, an isocyanate-prepolymer. The isocyanate-reactive component comprises a hydrophobic polyol and a chain extender having at least two hydroxyl groups and a molecular weight of from about 62 to about 220. The chain extender is present in the isocyanate-reactive component in an amount of from about 1 to about 20 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the isocyanate-reactive component. The wearing course layer comprises aggregate which is the same or different than the aggregate of the base course layer. Methods of forming the composite pavement structure are also disclosed.

A geosynthetic clay liner for containing low pH, acidic fluids including a dry blended mix 90%-99% by weight bentonite and 1%-10% by weight high molecular weight cellulose ether polymer, and a method and containment including the liner to protect an environment around a site having low pH, acidic fluids.

The invention relates to a low-permeability geotechnical barrier material including a blend of approximately equal parts of: aggregate particles, sand-size particles and manufactured composite particles that include a hydratable sealant material composed of naturally-occurring clay minerals and/or polymer-enhanced clay minerals, such that the actual percentage of clay mineral component is less than 10% by weight in the blended material. In a particular embodiment, the construction of a low-permeability geotechnical barrier using predominantly coarse grain materials by conventional compaction efforts is rarely attempted due to the difficulty of maintaining a uniform mix of well-graded sand and aggregate blends necessary to achieve low permeability. The regularly achievable permeability offered by this material blend when installed with specific proscribed techniques using conventional equipment can be 510.sup.8 cm/sec or lower.

A composition including: at least one waterbased polyurethane dispersion containing ethylene oxide units; at least one cement; and at least one mineral filler. The composition can be mixed and applied without coagulation of the polyurethane dispersion. Upon curing, it has a high strength and good adhesion properties, with surprisingly low shrinkage and most surprisingly good water impermeability properties. It is particularly suitable for the use as repair mortar, waterproofing mortar or screed mortar.

Disclosed are cementitious articles with hydrophobic finish. In some embodiments, the article is a waterproof gypsum panel that is surface reinforced with inorganic mineral fibers that face a flexible and hydrophobic cementitious finish possessing beneficial waterproofing properties. The waterproof gypsum panels of the invention are useful in many applications, such as, for example, tilebacker board in wet or dry areas of buildings, exterior weather barrier panel for use as exterior sheathing, and roof cover board having superior water durability and extremely low surface absorption. The flexible and hydrophobic cementitious finish of the invention can include Class C fly ash, film-forming polymer, silane compound (e.g., alkyl alkoxysilane), and other optional additives.

Beneficial use structures are disclosed that include coal combustion residuals (CCR) mixed with water and a binder to form a structural material, and adapted to be compacted for use in the formation of the beneficial use structure. Various structures having beneficial uses are described, including compressed air storage facilities and a pumped hydroelectric facility, including such a facility adapted for use with a lock system of a waterway.

A cohesive granular material comprises granules made of a stiff substance and having a grain size in the range from 55 m to 2.0 mm; an elastomeric substance connecting the granules, a Young's modulus of the elastomeric substance being at maximum 0.5 times a Young's modulus of the stiff substance; and voids between the granules, the voids being interconnected and providing a fluid permeability to the cohesive granular material.