The present invention relates to the use of a composition for stabilizing a geological formation in oil fields, gas fields, water pumping fields, mining or tunnel constructions. The composition has a hardening temperature in the range from about 40 C. to about 120 C. and can therefore be used to stabilize a geological formation in oil fields, gas fields, water pumping fields as well as in mining or tunnel constructions.

A controlled low strength material has constituents that include a cement, an aggregate, a heavy oil fly ash, and a water. The controlled low strength material has a compressive strength in a range of 300 kPa to 2.1 MPa. In certain embodiments, the heavy oil fly ash can be part of a heavy oil fly ash slurry.

The present disclosure relates to a method of cementing comprising: providing a cement composition comprising: water, a cement, and a non-aqueous liquid anti-shrinkage cement additive comprising calcined magnesium oxide and a non-aqueous liquid; introducing the cement composition into a subterranean formation; and allowing the cement composition to set in the subterranean formation. Non-aqueous liquid anti-shrinkage cement additives, cement compositions, and systems are also provided.

A polyether having a functional group that is reactive to isocyanate with at least one polyisocyanate, which has an average isocyanate functionality in the range of 2.4 to 3.5, and at least one vinyl compound, which has a functional group that is reactive to isocyanate, wherein the molar ratio of polyether to vinyl compound lies in the range of 3:1 to 1:3 and the ratio of the sum of the molar quantities of polyether and vinyl compounds to isocyanate groups lies in the range of 1.5:1 to U.5. Corresponding vinylterminated prepolymers have the advantage of low visocity together with good water solubility and therefore can be used advantageously for applications as injection agents.

A concrete, mortar or grout formulation comprises two separate components: a concrete admixture comprising: (a) a concrete mixture; (b) alkali carbonate; (c) aretarder; and (d) water, an accelerator mixture comprising: (a) anaccelerator component; and (b) water.

Concrete is formed by providing a wet layer of a first concrete 4, applying a second wet layer 6 of concrete on the first layer 4 of wet concrete and setting the layers 4 and 6 to provide a composite concrete structure, wherein at least one of the layers comprises, AACM (Alkali-Activated Cementitious Material). An ionic bond 2 is formed between the two layers. The AACM layer may comprise a reinforcement structure and cathodic protection.

A fast-curing mineral binder mixture includes a zirconium(IV)-based accelerator, a cement which includes at least one component selected from the compounds 3CaO*Al.sub.2O.sub.3, 12CaO*7Al.sub.2O.sub.3, CaO*Al.sub.2O.sub.3, CaO*2Al.sub.2O.sub.3, CaO*6Al.sub.2O.sub.3 and 4CaO*3Al.sub.2O.sub.3*SO.sub.3, and 15 to 80 wt % of a sulfate carrier, wherein the wt % is based on a weight of the fast-curing mineral binder mixture. The fast-curing mineral binder mixture can optionally include at least one alkaline component and/or at least one additive.

The present invention provides for a compressible grout mix for filling an annular gap between a tunnel rock wall surface and a tunnel liner of a tunnel in a rock formation subject to time dependent deformation after excavation and a method of filling the annular gap between a tunnel rock wall surface and a funnel liner of a tunnel in a rock formation subject to time dependent deformation after excavation utilizing the compressible grout mix for resilient absorption of forces in the hardened state of the compressible grout mix exerted by the time dependent deformation of the rock wall surface into the tunnel opening. The method includes: a. providing a compressible grout mix comprising hydraulic binding agent, bentonite clay, polymer foam particles, water, and one or more additives selected from water-reducing admixture and/or setting retarding admixture, aggregate materials, anti-wash agents and air, b. placing the compressible grout mix in the annular gap between the tunnel wall rock surface and the tunnel liner, and c. allowing the compressible grout mix to set, wherein the compressible grout mix in the hardened state has a compressible ratio greater than the anticipated time dependent deformation.

Mining provides our society with many of minerals, metals, and gemstones for a wide variety of applications from mundane items through to expensive jewelry. But the mining operations generate waste and large empty shafts and stopes within the ground. It would beneficial to provide a lightweight material for backfill which can provide safer working conditions for miners as well as advantages in respect of weight reduction, reducing water consumption, rheology improvement and cost minimization. Equally, it would be beneficial for the lightweight backfill material to include mining tailings to reduce the impact external to the mine. However, the inclusion of mine tailings into a foam is counter-intuitive as mine tailings are generally characterized by a high proportion of small particles with sharp edges. However, embodiments of the invention provide just such a foam based mine backfill material.

Disclosed are a fireproof material, a fireproof plate, a fireproof wall structure for tunnels and a construction method. The fireproof material includes the following components in weight ratio: 20-35 parts of aluminosilicate; 10-25 parts of calcium carbonate; 5-15 parts of magnesium oxide; 5-15 parts of silica; 20-40 parts of a binder; and 5-10 parts of a curing agent, the binder includes at least one of lithium silicate, potassium silicate and sodium silicate in combination with at least one of quartz sand and industrial sugar; and the curing agent is at least one of lithium oxide and magnesium oxide. In the preparation, firstly forming the mixture of aluminosilicate, magnesium oxide and silica into particles at 900 C.-1250 C., and then mixing the particles with calcium carbonate, the binder and the curing agent, and then pouring same into a forming mold and heating and pressing to form the fireproof material.