An outer peripheral coating member contains first particles containing titanium oxide, second particles containing zirconium oxide, third particles containing niobium oxide or aluminum oxide, and a dispersion medium. It is preferable for the first particles to have at least two peak values R1 in a distribution of particle sizes of the first particles. One of the peak values R1 is within a range of 1 to 50 nm, and the other peak value R1 is within a range of 100 to 500 nm.

A cementitious composition includes (i) white Portland cement having a Blaine fineness between about 350 m.sup.2/kg and about 550 m.sup.2/kg, a D90 between about 11 m and about 50 m, and a total combined iron oxide, manganese oxide, and chromium oxide content of less than 1.0% by weight and (ii) a light color ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) having a Blaine fineness greater than the Blaine fineness of the white Portland cement, a D90 less than the D90 of the white Portland cement, and a total combined iron oxide, manganese oxide, and chromium oxide content of less than 2.0% by weight. The cementitious composition may optionally include at least one of additional SCM, aggregate, fibers, or admixture. The cementitious composition can be a dry blend, a fresh cementitious mixture, or hardened cementitious composition. The cementitious composition can be precast concrete, stucco, GFRC, UHPC or SCC.

A range of processes is described herein for the preparation of a range of gold nanoparticle (Au NP) ceramic glazes with traditional firing methods that represents significant efficiency and ecological advancements over existing methods and allows for the replacement of commercial ceramic colorant methods, while retaining the costly equipment and firing methods already used. The process allows for ceramic surface color while breaking standards for minimal amounts of transition metal colorant used. The nanoparticle-based glazes described here add new colors to the known ceramic surface palette and offers greater consumer safety as an alternative to existing coloring processes that use higher concentrations of toxic metal and an increased risk of metal leaching from the final ceramic vessel into its contents (e.g., soil, beverage, food).

A process for producing a ceramic body (100), in particular a dental ceramic blank, having selectively adjustable degrees of expression of one or more different physical properties, wherein the ceramic body (100) has a porosity to enable the control of a selective distribution of one or more chemical substances (101, 102) that are suitable for influencing the physical properties of the ceramic body (100), and in a first step, which is a loading step, the ceramic body is loaded with one or more solutions (104) of the one or more chemical substances (101, 102). In a second step, which is a distribution step, the distribution of the one or more chemical substances (101, 102) within the porous ceramic body (100) is controlled, wherein a progression and/or a spatial progression of the degree of expression of the one or more physical properties can be produced. The control is effected by adjusting one or more ambient parameters (106) in an environment (108), in particular by adjusting the air humidity and/or the pressure and/or the temperature.

A method of manufacturing a housing of an electronic device includes applying a mask to a portion of a ceramic green body to define a masked portion and an unmasked portion, applying a pigment to the ceramic green body to color the unmasked portion, and sintering the ceramic green body to remove the mask and form a ceramic housing. The ceramic housing may comprise a first portion corresponding to the masked portion and having a first color, and a second portion corresponding to the unmasked portion and having a second color different from the first color.

To provide a dental temporary calcined body including an inside colored by a coloring material wherein, the inside of the dental temporary calcined body is colored by a coloring liquid containing the coloring material and a penetrant containing a permeating liquid.

The present invention relates to fiber cement flooring products. In particular, the present invention provides fiber cement flooring products, at least comprising cement and fibers, characterized in that these fiber cement flooring products comprise amorphous silica in an amount of between about 2 weight % and about 15 weight % compared to the total dry weight of the fiber cement composition of said fiber cement flooring product. The present invention further relates to methods for the production of such fiber cement flooring products as well as uses of such fiber cement flooring products in the building industry. The present invention further relates to fiber cement formulations and fiber cement materials, which are suitable for the production of fiber cement products for flooring applications.

A zirconia sintered body that suppresses discoloration due to porcelain. The zirconia sintered body contains at least one of a coloring agent A, which is erbium oxide and a coloring agent B, which is nickel oxide, and contains a composite oxide of zirconium and vanadium. A composition, containing zirconium oxide, yttrium oxide, and a coloring agent, where the coloring agent contains at least one of a coloring agent A, which is erbium oxide and a coloring agent B, which is nickel oxide, and contains a coloring agent C, which is a composite oxide of zirconium and vanadium.

A process for producing a ceramic body (100), in particular a dental ceramic blank, having selectively adjustable degrees of expression of one or more different physical properties, wherein the ceramic body (100) has a porosity to enable the control of a selective distribution of one or more chemical substances (101, 102) that are suitable for influencing the physical properties of the ceramic body (100), and in a first step, which is a loading step, the ceramic body is loaded with one or more solutions (104) of the one or more chemical substances (101, 102). In a second step, which is a distribution step, the distribution of the one or more chemical substances (101, 102) within the porous ceramic body (100) is controlled, wherein a progression and/or a spatial progression of the degree of expression of the one or more physical properties can be produced. The control is effected by adjusting one or more ambient parameters (106) in an environment (108), in particular by adjusting the air humidity and/or the pressure and/or the temperature.

A method of colouring cementitious building materials such as concrete is disclosed. The method uses flowable, spray-dried, particulate formulations of inorganic pigments prepared using a selection of formulants that do not substantially effect primary ettringite formation. Quantities of the formulations may conveniently be dispensed into a slurry of cement and water by gravimetric or volumetric means.