There is provided herein a mineral phosphate ash fertilizer comprising a NAC solubility of at least 90% of total amount of P2O5 and a water solubility of 15-80% of the total amount of P.sub.2O.sub.5.

A method for producing a cement material comprises steps of: reacting sulfur dioxide and water to form a first acid, the first acid comprising at least one sulfur-containing anion; reacting the first acid and a first cement precursor to form a second cement precursor; wherein the second cement precursor comprises the at least one sulfur-containing anion; and converting the second cement precursor to the cement material.

A method for producing a cement material comprises steps of: reacting sulfur dioxide and water to form a first acid, the first acid comprising at least one sulfur-containing anion; reacting the first acid and a first cement precursor to form a second cement precursor; wherein the second cement precursor comprises the at least one sulfur-containing anion; and converting the second cement precursor to the cement material.