Methods and processes for producing aerobic digestion products, such as organic acids, from a low-rank coal substrate are provided. Also provided are multistage bioreactor systems for carrying out the described methods and processes. In another aspect, product compositions comprising organic acids produced by the described methods and processes are provided, as well as methods for their use, including for the improvement of soil quality and/or plant growth.

Methods and processes for producing aerobic digestion products, such as organic acids, from a low-rank coal substrate are provided. Also provided are multistage bioreactor systems for carrying out the described methods and processes. In another aspect, product compositions comprising organic acids produced by the described methods and processes are provided, as well as methods for their use, including for the improvement of soil quality and/or plant growth.

An improved solvent system for the formulation and application of N-alkyl thiophosphoric triamide urease inhibitors. These formulations provide safety and performance benefits relative to existing alternatives and enable storage, transport and subsequent coating or blending with urea based or organic based fertilizers. These formulations are comprised primarily of environmentally friendly aprotic and protic solvents (particularly dimethyl sulfoxide and alcohols/polyols) to stabilize the urease inhibitor.

A base product fluid is produced by adding anhydrous liquid ammonia and a first portion of sulfuric acid to water in a process line to form a mixed fluid. The mixed fluid may be cooled and a second portion of sulfuric acid may be added to the mixed fluid to form the base product fluid. The base product fluid may include a molecular compound that is a chelating compound. The molecular compound may have the formula: ((NH.sub.4).sub.2SO.sub.4).sub.a.(H.sub.2SO.sub.4).sub.b.(H.sub.2O).sub.c.(NH.sub.4HSO.sub.4).sub.x. In the formula, a may be between 1 and 5, b may be between 1 and 5, c may be between 0 and 5, and x may be between 1 and 20.

A method employing a composition of bioavailable minerals directed at supplementing nutritional intake of a living plant. The composition includes the ionic mineral(s) copper and zinc in a ligand complex and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier including water, H.sub.2SO.sub.4 and (NH.sub.4).sub.2SO.sub.4. The composition for use in the method may also include other supporting plant nutrients such as botanical extracts, urea, plant hormones, vitamins and mineral supplements necessary for plant health.

A method employing a composition of bioavailable minerals directed at supplementing nutritional intake of a living plant. The composition includes the ionic mineral(s) copper and zinc in a ligand complex and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier including water, H.sub.2SO.sub.4 and (NH.sub.4).sub.2SO.sub.4. The composition for use in the method may also include other supporting plant nutrients such as botanical extracts, urea, plant hormones, vitamins and mineral supplements necessary for plant health.

The current disclosure relates to a chemical-free composition that increases the nutritive value of crops, by increasing vitamin levels in the crop produce. The composition disclosed in the current invention also increases crop yield. The composition does not contain any chemicals and can increase vitamin levels in the crop produce by non-transgenic means, which can help to alleviate deficiency diseases due to malnutrition in an inexpensive and sustainable manner.

The current disclosure relates to a chemical-free composition that increases the nutritive value of crops, by increasing vitamin levels in the crop produce. The composition disclosed in the current invention also increases crop yield. The composition does not contain any chemicals and can increase vitamin levels in the crop produce by non-transgenic means, which can help to alleviate deficiency diseases due to malnutrition in an inexpensive and sustainable manner.

There is disclosed a dry fertilizer comprising citric acid and potassium carbonate or potassium bicarbonate. The dry fertilizer may be one of a tablet, powder, meal and pellet. The dry fertilizer may include one of plant nutrients, soil nutrients, carbonates, bicarbonates, acids, oils, microorganisms, biostimulants, enzymes, hormones, fertilizers, lubricants, and binding agents. The dry fertilizer may be packaged.

There is disclosed a dry fertilizer comprising citric acid and potassium carbonate or potassium bicarbonate. The dry fertilizer may be one of a tablet, powder, meal and pellet. The dry fertilizer may include one of plant nutrients, soil nutrients, carbonates, bicarbonates, acids, oils, microorganisms, biostimulants, enzymes, hormones, fertilizers, lubricants, and binding agents. The dry fertilizer may be packaged.