This present disclosure relates to apparatuses for methylation of aromatics in an aromatics complex for producing a xylene isomer product. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to apparatuses for producing para-xylene by the selective methylation of toluene and/or benzene in an aromatics complex using processed toluene instead of crude toluene.

This present disclosure relates to apparatuses for methylation of aromatics in an aromatics complex for producing a xylene isomer product. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to apparatuses for producing para-xylene by the selective methylation of toluene and/or benzene in an aromatics complex using processed toluene instead of crude toluene.

The present invention provides an industrial method for producing 1,4-dimethylnaphthalene with a small content of 1,3-dimethylnaphthalene. In this method for producing 1,4-dimethylnaphthalene, 5-phenyl-2-hexene is cyclized in the presence of acid catalysts to prepare crude 1,4-dimethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene, the crude 1,4-dimethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene is dehydrogenized to obtain a crude 1,4-dimethylnaphthalene, and the crude 1,4-dimethylnaphthalene is purified by distillation. In this method, the concentration of 1,3-dimethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene in 1,4-dimethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene is 1.0% or less with respect to the 1,4-dimethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene.

The present invention provides an industrial method for producing 1,4-dimethylnaphthalene with a small content of 1,3-dimethylnaphthalene. In this method for producing 1,4-dimethylnaphthalene, 5-phenyl-2-hexene is cyclized in the presence of acid catalysts to prepare crude 1,4-dimethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene, the crude 1,4-dimethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene is dehydrogenized to obtain a crude 1,4-dimethylnaphthalene, and the crude 1,4-dimethylnaphthalene is purified by distillation. In this method, the concentration of 1,3-dimethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene in 1,4-dimethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene is 1.0% or less with respect to the 1,4-dimethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene.

By the control of the cyclization of 5-phenyl-2-hexene at a predetermined temperature, 1,4-dimethyltetralin is efficiently produced. The present invention provides a method for producing 1,4-dimethyitetralin, including a step of cyclizing 5-phenyl-2-hexene under reflux of solvents in the presence of acid catalysts.

Utilization of CO.sub.2 for the alkylation of aromatic hydrocarbons is one of the green and sustainable routes for the production of valuable alkylated aromatics like xylenes. Aspects of the present invention deal with the development of single-step catalytic process for the production of alkylated aromatics using CO.sub.2 as a carbon source and alkylation reagent and methylcyclohexane as a hydrogen atom donor as well as source of toluene. In presence of the metal functionalized zeolite catalyst, methylcyclohexane undergoes dehydrogenation to produce toluene and hydrogen; hydrogen reacts with CO.sub.2 to form active alkylating species which triggers the alkylation of toluene. Additionally, a novel process is disclosed for the production of xylene-rich alkylated aromatics from methylcyclohexane and CO.sub.2 using single multi-functional catalyst possessing dehydrogenation, hydrogenation and acid functionalities.

Utilization of CO.sub.2 for the alkylation of aromatic hydrocarbons is one of the green and sustainable routes for the production of valuable alkylated aromatics like xylenes. Aspects of the present invention deal with the development of single-step catalytic process for the production of alkylated aromatics using CO.sub.2 as a carbon source and alkylation reagent and methylcyclohexane as a hydrogen atom donor as well as source of toluene. In presence of the metal functionalized zeolite catalyst, methylcyclohexane undergoes dehydrogenation to produce toluene and hydrogen; hydrogen reacts with CO.sub.2 to form active alkylating species which triggers the alkylation of toluene. Additionally, a novel process is disclosed for the production of xylene-rich alkylated aromatics from methylcyclohexane and CO.sub.2 using single multi-functional catalyst possessing dehydrogenation, hydrogenation and acid functionalities.

The present invention refers to a process for producing 5-[4-(2-hydroxy-2-methyl)-1-oxo-prop-1-yl]-3-[4-(2-hydroxy-2-methyl)-1-oxo-prop-1-yl-phenyl]-2,3-dihydro-1,1,3-trimethyl-1H-indene (dimer isomer 5) that comprises the synthesis from cumene and dimerization of 2-methyl-1-(4-(prop-1-en-2-yl)phenyl)propan-1-one in the presence of acid catalysts.

A method of controlling a hydrocarbon conversion process is described. The method involves introducing a reactant into a reaction zone containing an ionic liquid catalyst. The reaction zone has at least two zones. The mass transfer resistance in the second zone is greater than the mass transfer resistance in the first zone.

Disclosed is a process for preparation of n-propyl benzene. The process gives high selectivity and yield of n-propyl benzene by single step catalytic alkylation that involves contacting a mixture of aromatic hydrocarbon having an active hydrogen on a saturated -carbon, such as toluene, and an alkene, such as ethylene, in presence of a metal catalyst, a solid support, and an initiator. Following the alkylation, aqueous and organic phases are separated from a reaction mixture. The aqueous phase is separated for recovery of the catalyst, the solid support, and un-reacted aromatic hydrocarbon (e.g., toluene); and the organic phase is separated for obtaining n-propyl benzene and byproduct. Thus, the catalyst phase can be recovered and recycled in the next alkylation reaction. Also, the process facilitates recovery and recycling of the byproduct for the better selectivity.