Fluidizable catalysts for the gas phase oxygen-free oxidative cracking of alkanes, such as hexane, to one or more olefins, such as ethylene, propylene, and/or butylene. The catalysts comprise 1-15% by weight per total catalyst weight of one or more vanadium oxides (VO.sub.x), such as V.sub.2O.sub.5. The catalysts are disposed on an alumina support that is modified with cerium to influence catalyst acidity and characteristics of lattice oxygen at the catalyst surface. Various methods of preparing and characterizing the catalyst as well as methods for the gas phase oxygen free oxidative cracking of alkanes, such as hexane, to one or more olefins, such as ethylene, propylene, and/or butylene with improved alkane conversion and olefins product selectivity are also disclosed.

Fluidizable catalysts for the gas phase oxygen-free oxidative cracking of alkanes, such as hexane, to one or more olefins, such as ethylene, propylene, and/or butylene. The catalysts comprise 1-15% by weight per total catalyst weight of one or more vanadium oxides (VO.sub.x), such as V.sub.2O.sub.5. The catalysts are disposed on an alumina support that is modified with cerium to influence catalyst acidity and characteristics of lattice oxygen at the catalyst surface. Various methods of preparing and characterizing the catalyst as well as methods for the gas phase oxygen free oxidative cracking of alkanes, such as hexane, to one or more olefins, such as ethylene, propylene, and/or butylene with improved alkane conversion and olefins product selectivity are also disclosed.

Provided is a method for preparing synthesis gas and aromatic hydrocarbons, and more particularly, a method for preparing synthesis gas and aromatic hydrocarbons including: supplying a pyrolysis fuel oil (PFO) stream containing PFO and a pyrolysis gas oil (PGO) stream containing PGO to a distillation tower as a feed stream (S10), the PFO stream and the PGO stream being discharged from a naphtha cracking center (NCC) process; and supplying a lower discharge stream from the distillation tower to a combustion chamber for a gasification process and supplying an upper discharge stream from the distillation tower to an SM/BTX preparation process (S20).

The invention relates to a process for the production of ethylene in an integrated configuration comprising (i) a steam cracker configuration which comprises a steam cracker unit, a water condensation unit and a carbon dioxide removal unit and (ii) an oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) configuration which comprises an ODH unit and a water condensation unit, wherein an effluent coming from the ODH configuration, which effluent comprises unconverted ethane and ethylene, is fed to the steam cracker configuration at a position which is downstream of the steam cracker unit, and wherein unconverted oxygen, carbon monoxide and acetylene are removed from at least a portion of the stream coming from the ODH unit by oxidation of carbon monoxide and acetylene into carbon dioxide in an oxidation unit which is located at a position (a) which is downstream of the ODH unit, and (b) which is downstream of the steam cracker unit and upstream of the carbon dioxide removal unit of the steam cracker configuration.

A process for producing ethylene comprising introducing fuel, ethane/higher hydrocarbons, oxygen, steam to annular jet vortex chamber having combustion upstream of cracking to provide swirling fluid flow pattern producing cracking product (ethylene, acetylene, ethane, methane, 10-60 wt. % water, CO.sub.2, CO, hydrogen, oxygenates) having first temperature; cooling cracking product with residence <2,000 milliseconds yielding first cooled product having second temperature lowered by 30 C.; cooling first cooled product yielding second cooled product having third temperature lowered by 300 C. and heated heat exchange medium; separating second cooled product into removed water (water, oxygenates), and cracked gas (ethylene, acetylene, ethane, methane, CO.sub.2, CO, hydrogen) introduced to continuous regeneration CO.sub.2 removal unit producing CO.sub.2-lean gas having at least 10 less CO.sub.2; introducing CO.sub.2-lean gas to once-through CO.sub.2 removal unit producing CO.sub.2-depleted gas (ethylene, acetylene, ethane, methane, CO, hydrogen); separating CO.sub.2-depleted gas into ethylene, ethane, tail gas (methane, CO, hydrogen).

A process for the cracking of a carbon-containing feedstock to produce olefins, aromatics and/or aliphatic includes contacting, in a reactor system, the carbon-containing feedstock with oxygen gas in the presence of a molten salt matrix consisting of a eutectic mixture of alkali metal carbonates, alkali metal hydroxides, alkali metal nitrates, alkali metal halides, alkaline earth metal carbonates, alkaline earth metal hydroxides, alkali earth nitrates, alkaline earth metal halides, rare earth metal carbonates, transition metal carbonates, transition metal hydroxides, transition metal nitrates, transition metal halides, or a mixture of any two or more thereof, to generate an olefin-containing product stream; and collecting an olefin from the olefin-containing product stream; wherein the oxygen is fed with the carbon-containing feedstock in a gas stream comprising from greater than 0 wt % to about 21 wt % oxygen in an inert gas; and the process is conducted in the absence of a catalyst

A method includes combusting a fuel with oxidizer gas to heat a fired radiant section, forming a flue gas, forming a process gas, and passing the process gas through the fired radiant section, forming a cracked gas. The flue gas is cooled in a flue gas heat recovery section. The cracked gas is cooled in a cracked gas heat recovery section. The recovery sections each comprise a multistream heat exchanger. The flue gas heat recovery section includes heat exchange structures which a use more than 35% of a total amount of heat recovered within the heat exchanger of the flue gas heat recovery section for preheating the oxidizer gas. The cracked gas heat recovery section uses more than 35% of a total amount of heat recovered within the heat exchanger of the cracked gas heat recovery section for preheating the process gas, the hydrocarbon feed, and/or the process steam.