Producing C5 olefins from steam cracker C5 feeds may include reacting a mixed hydrocarbon stream comprising cyclopentadiene, C5 olefins, and C6+ hydrocarbons in a dimerization reactor where cyclopentadiene is dimerized to dicyclopentadiene. The dimerization reactor effluent may be separated into a fraction comprising the C6+ hydrocarbons and dicyclopentadiene and a second fraction comprising C5 olefins and C5 dienes. The second fraction, a saturated hydrocarbon diluent stream, and hydrogen may be fed to a catalytic distillation reactor system for concurrently separating linear C5 olefins from saturated hydrocarbon diluent, cyclic C5 olefins, and C5 dienes contained in the second fraction and selectively hydrogenating C5 dienes. An overhead distillate including the linear C5 olefins and a bottoms product including cyclic C5 olefins are recovered from the catalytic distillation reactor system. Other aspects of the C5 olefin systems and processes, including catalyst configurations and control schemes, are also described.

Producing C5 olefins from steam cracker C5 reeds may include reacting a mixed hydrocarbon stream comprising cyclopentadiene, C5 olefins, and C6+ hydrocarbons in a dimerization reactor where cyclopentadiene is dimerized to dicyclopentadiene. The dimerization reactor effluent may be separated into a traction comprising the C6+ hydrocarbons and dicyclopentadiene and a second fraction comprising C5 olefins and C5 dienes. The second fraction, a saturated hydrocarbon diluent stream, and hydrogen may be fed to a catalytic distillation reactor system for concurrently separating linear C5 olefins from saturated hydrocarbon diluent, cyclic C5 olefins, and C5 dienes contained in the second fraction and selectively hydrogenating C5 dienes. An overhead distillate including the linear C5 olefins and a bottoms product including cyclic C5 olefins are recovered from the catalytic distillation reactor system. Other aspects of the C5 olefin systems and processes, including catalyst configurations and control schemes, are also described.

A heterogeneous catalyst comprising a metal-containing polymer matrix covalently bonded to a support material and a method of making and using such catalysts. The metal-containing polymer matrix comprises metal nano-particles encapsulated in a polymer matrix, e.g., a siloxane. In one aspect, the metal-containing polymer matrix can be bonded to the support material via a hydrophobic group attached to the support material. The catalyst can be recovered after being used in a metal catalyzed reaction and exhibit excellent catalytic activity upon reuse in subsequent reactions.

A heterogeneous catalyst comprising a metal-containing polymer matrix covalently bonded to a support material and a method of making and using such catalysts. The metal-containing polymer matrix comprises metal nano-particles encapsulated in a polymer matrix, e.g., a siloxane. In one aspect, the metal-containing polymer matrix can be bonded to the support material via a hydrophobic group attached to the support material. The catalyst can be recovered after being used in a metal catalyzed reaction and exhibit excellent catalytic activity upon reuse in subsequent reactions.

A heterogeneous catalyst comprising a metal-containing polymer matrix covalently bonded to a support material and a method of making and using such catalysts. The metal-containing polymer matrix comprises metal nano-particles encapsulated in a polymer matrix, e.g., a siloxane. In one aspect, the metal-containing polymer matrix can be bonded to the support material via a hydrophobic group attached to the support material. The catalyst can be recovered after being used in a metal catalyzed reaction and exhibit excellent catalytic activity upon reuse in subsequent reactions.

Systems and methods for processing a C.sub.4 and C.sub.5 stream are disclosed. A pygas stream can be separated in a depentanizer to produce a C.sub.4 and C.sub.5 stream and a C.sub.6 to C.sub.9+ stream. The C.sub.4 and C.sub.5 stream is further processed to recover C.sub.5 dienes including isoprene, pentadiene, cyclopentadiene, or combinations thereof. The C.sub.6 to C.sub.9+ stream is further processed to recover aromatics including benzene, toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, or combinations thereof.

Systems and methods for processing a C.sub.4 and C.sub.5 stream are disclosed. A pygas stream can be separated in a depentanizer to produce a C.sub.4 and C.sub.5 stream and a C.sub.6 to C.sub.9+ stream. The C.sub.4 and C.sub.5 stream is further processed to recover C.sub.5 dienes including isoprene, pentadiene, cyclopentadiene, or combinations thereof. The C.sub.6 to C.sub.9+ stream is further processed to recover aromatics including benzene, toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, or combinations thereof.

Provided are a method for producing paraffins and an apparatus for producing paraffins, in which each high-purity paraffin can be produced with high efficiency while complicated operations such as distillation are not carried out. An apparatus for producing paraffins includes a separation and recovery unit and a hydrogenation unit. The separation and recovery unit has a separator containing silver ions, and separates impurities from raw material olefins containing olefins as main components and recovers the olefins, by bringing the raw material olefins into contact with the separator. The hydrogenation unit brings the olefins recovered by the separation and recovery unit into contact with hydrogen in a presence of a catalyst and subjects the recovered olefins to a hydrogenation reaction, thereby obtaining high-purity paraffins.

Provided are a method for producing paraffins and an apparatus for producing paraffins, in which each high-purity paraffin can be produced with high efficiency while complicated operations such as distillation are not carried out. An apparatus for producing paraffins includes a separation and recovery unit and a hydrogenation unit. The separation and recovery unit has a separator containing silver ions, and separates impurities from raw material olefins containing olefins as main components and recovers the olefins, by bringing the raw material olefins into contact with the separator. The hydrogenation unit brings the olefins recovered by the separation and recovery unit into contact with hydrogen in a presence of a catalyst and subjects the recovered olefins to a hydrogenation reaction, thereby obtaining high-purity paraffins.

A hydrogenation catalysts and methods of using them in hydrogenation is disclosed. More particularly, the present invention relates to hydrogenation catalysts useful for selectively hydrogenating acetylene and methylacetylene, especially in front-end streams, and methods of making and using them.