The present invention is directed to environmentally benign coatings that can prevent fouling of submerged structures and surfaces in the marine environment. The coating is essentially a grease composition composed of an organic acids salt, mineral oil, a solvent and alkaline silicate. The sulfonate thickener is an oil soluble dispersing agent selected from a plurality of organic acids in a form of alkali metal salt or alkaline earth metal salt thereof, such as calcium sulfonate. Coating compositions of the invention can be used to coat surfaces, such that when such surfaces are exposed to or kept submerged in seawater they will prevent fouling of such surfaces when exposed to the marine environment for extended time.

The present invention is directed to environmentally benign coatings that can prevent fouling of submerged structures and surfaces in the marine environment. The coating is essentially a grease composition composed of an organic acids salt, mineral oil, a solvent and alkaline silicate. The sulfonate thickener is an oil soluble dispersing agent selected from a plurality of organic acids in a form of alkali metal salt or alkaline earth metal salt thereof, such as calcium sulfonate. Coating compositions of the invention can be used to coat surfaces, such that when such surfaces are exposed to or kept submerged in seawater they will prevent fouling of such surfaces when exposed to the marine environment for extended time.

The present invention is directed to environmentally benign coatings that can prevent fouling of submerged structures and surfaces in the marine environment. The coating is essentially a grease composition composed of an organic acids salt, mineral oil, a solvent and alkaline silicate. The sulfonate thickener is an oil soluble dispersing agent selected from a plurality of organic acids in a form of alkali metal salt or alkaline earth metal salt thereof, such as calcium sulfonate. Coating compositions of the invention can be used to coat surfaces, such that when such surfaces are exposed to or kept submerged in seawater they will prevent fouling of such surfaces when exposed to the marine environment for extended time.

The present invention relates to the use of an inorganic phosphor to increase the yield of corn or soy cultivation promoted by the use of at least one fungicide, said inorganic phosphor exhibiting: a maximum in the emission spectrum in the range of wavelengths between 400 nm and 500 nm; an absorption Abs in the visible range which is equal to or less than 15.0%, preferably equal to or less than 10.0%, even more particularly equal to or less than 3.0%; and an internal quantum efficiency (IQE) measured in the range of wavelengths between 300 nm and 410 nm which is equal to or greater than 50.0%, more particularly greater than 75.0%, even more particularly greater than 90.0%.

The present invention relates to the use of an inorganic phosphor to increase the yield of corn or soy cultivation promoted by the use of at least one fungicide, said inorganic phosphor exhibiting: a maximum in the emission spectrum in the range of wavelengths between 400 nm and 500 nm; an absorption Abs in the visible range which is equal to or less than 15.0%, preferably equal to or less than 10.0%, even more particularly equal to or less than 3.0%; and an internal quantum efficiency (IQE) measured in the range of wavelengths between 300 nm and 410 nm which is equal to or greater than 50.0%, more particularly greater than 75.0%, even more particularly greater than 90.0%.

Methods of protecting a surface include applying an inner polymer layer onto a surface. The inner polymer layer is impregnated with a biologically active chemical substance that protects the surface from biofouling-induced chemical, biological, and bio-proliferative damage. The inner polymer layer is an epoxy polymer. An outer polymer layer is applied onto the inner polymer layer. The outer polymer layer is impregnated with a biologically active chemical substance that protects the inner polymer layer from biofouling-induced chemical, biological, and bio-proliferative damage. The outer polymer layer is selected from the group consisting of polyurethanes and fluorourethanes.

Methods of protecting a surface include applying an inner polymer layer onto a surface. The inner polymer layer is impregnated with a biologically active chemical substance that protects the surface from biofouling-induced chemical, biological, and bio-proliferative damage. The inner polymer layer is an epoxy polymer. An outer polymer layer is applied onto the inner polymer layer. The outer polymer layer is impregnated with a biologically active chemical substance that protects the inner polymer layer from biofouling-induced chemical, biological, and bio-proliferative damage. The outer polymer layer is selected from the group consisting of polyurethanes and fluorourethanes.

This invention relates to antimicrobial gallium compounds, and to monomers containing gallium complex moieties that can be used in oral care products and dental materials, and which can reduce or eliminate dental caries and bacterial or fungal infections associated with medical and dental devices.

This invention relates to antimicrobial gallium compounds, and to monomers containing gallium complex moieties that can be used in oral care products and dental materials, and which can reduce or eliminate dental caries and bacterial or fungal infections associated with medical and dental devices.

The invention relates to a method for producing, amongst other things, amino-acid and/or hydroxycarboxylic-acid metal chelates, a solvent-free mixture of at least one metal oxide, metal hydroxide, metal carbonate or oxalate, and the solid organic acid is subjected to intensive mechanical stress. According to the invention, this is done in that the reaction partners are introduced in particle form into a fluid stream of a fluid-bed countercurrent mill operating without grinding elements, wherein mechanical activation of at least one of the reaction partners is effected by collision processes within a reaction chamber formed in a region of the fluid stream, and a solid body reaction to form the metal chelate is triggered. The novel method operates very energy-efficiently and with a high specific yield. It leads to a product having compact particles in the small, single-digit micrometer range having a comparatively narrow particle sizc distribution and a large surface. The product is homogenous and very pure. Thermal loading or decomposition of the organic chelate ligands, in particular of the amino acids, is likewise avoided, as are contaminants from milling and grinding element abrasion.