Disclosed is a method for producing a mono-cross-coupled aromatic compound (3-1) having one less leaving group than an aromatic compound (1) having at least two leaving groups, the method comprising: preparing the aromatic compound (1) having at least two leaving groups; preparing a compound (2) capable of undergoing a cross-coupling reaction selected from an aromatic boronic acid (2-1), an aromatic amino compound (2-2), a diboronic acid ester (2-3), an aromatic compound (2-4) having a hydroxyl group and an aromatic compound (2-5) having a thiol group; and performing a cross-coupling reaction of the aromatic compound (1) having at least two leaving groups with the compound (2) in the presence of a palladium catalyst and a base, in the absence of a solvent.

A compound having the structure of Formula I ##STR00001##
is disclosed. In the structure of Formula I, each of R.sub.1, R.sub.2, and R.sub.3 is independently a hydrogen, a non-fused aryl group having one meta-substituent, or a non-fused heteroaryl six-membered ring having one or more meta-substituents; each meta-substituent is a non-fused aryl or non-fused heteroaryl six-membered ring optionally substituted with further substituents selected from the group consisting of non-fused aryl groups, non-fused heteroaryl groups, and alkyl groups; and at least one of R.sub.1, R.sub.2, and R.sub.3 is a non-fused aryl having one meta-substituent or a heteroaryl six-membered ring having at least one meta-substituent, wherein each meta-substituent is a non-fused aryl or non-fused heteroaryl group further substituted with a chain of at least two non-fused aryl or non-fused heteroaryl groups. The compounds may be useful in phosphorescent organic light emitting devices.

A compound having the structure of Formula I ##STR00001##
is disclosed. In the structure of Formula I, each of R.sub.1, R.sub.2, and R.sub.3 is independently a hydrogen, a non-fused aryl group having one meta-substituent, or a non-fused heteroaryl six-membered ring having one or more meta-substituents; each meta-substituent is a non-fused aryl or non-fused heteroaryl six-membered ring optionally substituted with further substituents selected from the group consisting of non-fused aryl groups, non-fused heteroaryl groups, and alkyl groups; and at least one of R.sub.1, R.sub.2, and R.sub.3 is a non-fused aryl having one meta-substituent or a heteroaryl six-membered ring having at least one meta-substituent, wherein each meta-substituent is a non-fused aryl or non-fused heteroaryl group further substituted with a chain of at least two non-fused aryl or non-fused heteroaryl groups. The compounds may be useful in phosphorescent organic light emitting devices.

The present disclosure provides an organic compound, an organic electroluminescence device and an electronic apparatus. A chemical structure of the organic compound in the present disclosure contains an adamantane spirofluorene ring and a dibenzo five-membered ring. The organic compound has an excellent energy transfer function and can be used as a luminescent layer material in an electroluminescent device, thus improving an efficiency of the organic electroluminescence device and increasing a service life of the organic electroluminescence device.

Disclosed is a light-emitting material for organic electroluminescent (EL) devices which is composed of an asymmetric anthracene derivative of a specific structure. Also disclosed are a material for organic EL devices and an organic EL device wherein an organic thin film layer composed of one or more layers including at least a light-emitting layer is interposed between a cathode and an anode. At least one layer composed of the organic thin film layer contains the material for organic EL devices by itself or as a component of a mixture. Consequently, the organic EL device has a high efficiency and a long life. Also disclosed are a light-emitting material for organic EL devices and material for organic devices which enable to realize such an organic EL device.

Disclosed is a light-emitting material for organic electroluminescent (EL) devices which is composed of an asymmetric anthracene derivative of a specific structure. Also disclosed are a material for organic EL devices and an organic EL device wherein an organic thin film layer composed of one or more layers including at least a light-emitting layer is interposed between a cathode and an anode. At least one layer composed of the organic thin film layer contains the material for organic EL devices by itself or as a component of a mixture. Consequently, the organic EL device has a high efficiency and a long life. Also disclosed are a light-emitting material for organic EL devices and material for organic devices which enable to realize such an organic EL device.

Methods of forming arenes, including asymmetrical arenes, such as asymmetrical pyrene derivatives. Substituents of starting materials may be selected to direct a photochemical cascade and possibly a 1,2-aryl shift. The methods may include a Mallory cyclization, which is controlled, at least in part, by substituents of the starting materials. Compounds and compositions including asymmetrical arenes.

Methods of forming arenes, including asymmetrical arenes, such as asymmetrical pyrene derivatives. Substituents of starting materials may be selected to direct a photochemical cascade and possibly a 1,2-aryl shift. The methods may include a Mallory cyclization, which is controlled, at least in part, by substituents of the starting materials. Compounds and compositions including asymmetrical arenes.

Methods of forming arenes, including asymmetrical arenes, such as asymmetrical pyrene derivatives. Substituents of starting materials may be selected to direct a photochemical cascade and possibly a 1,2-aryl shift. The methods may include a Mallory cyclization, which is controlled, at least in part, by substituents of the starting materials. Compounds and compositions including asymmetrical arenes.

A compound represented by (Tr).sub.n-Z is useful as a host material for delayed fluorescent materials. Tr represents a substituted or unsubstituted triphenylenyl group, and plural Tr's existing in the general formula (1) may be the same as or different from each other. Z represents a carbonyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted, n-valent aromatic hydrocarbon group. n represents an integer of 2 to 6, but when Z is a carbonyl group, n is 2.