A process for producing a chlorinated alkane in which an alkene or an alkane feedstock is contacted with chlorine in a chlorination zone to produce a reaction mixture containing the chlorinated alkane, wherein the chlorine supplied into the chlorination zone has an oxygen content of less than about 2000 ppmv and wherein: the chlorination zone is closed to the atmosphere, and/or the chlorination zone is operated under atmospheric or superatmospheric pressure, and/or the chlorination zone is operated under an inert atmosphere, and/or the content of dissolved oxygen in the alkene or alkane feedstock is less than 2000 ppm.

A process for producing a chlorinated alkane in which an alkene or an alkane feedstock is contacted with chlorine in a chlorination zone to produce a reaction mixture containing the chlorinated alkane, wherein the chlorine supplied into the chlorination zone has an oxygen content of less than about 2000 ppmv and wherein: the chlorination zone is closed to the atmosphere, and/or the chlorination zone is operated under atmospheric or superatmospheric pressure, and/or the chlorination zone is operated under an inert atmosphere, and/or the content of dissolved oxygen in the alkene or alkane feedstock is less than 2000 ppm.

Methods of halogenating a carbon containing compound having an sp3 CH bond are provided. Methods of fluorinating a carbon containing compound comprising halogenation with Cl or Br followed by nucleophilic substitution with F are provided. Methods of direct oxidative CH fluorination of a carbon containing compound having an sp3 CH bond are provided. The halogenated products of the methods are provided.

Methods of halogenating a carbon containing compound having an sp3 CH bond are provided. Methods of fluorinating a carbon containing compound comprising halogenation with Cl or Br followed by nucleophilic substitution with F are provided. Methods of direct oxidative CH fluorination of a carbon containing compound having an sp3 CH bond are provided. The halogenated products of the methods are provided.

A process is disclosed for making CF.sub.3CF.sub.2CH.sub.3, CF.sub.3CFCH.sub.2 and/or CF.sub.3CClCH.sub.2. The process involves reacting at least one starting material selected from the group consisting of halopropanes of the formula CX.sub.3CH.sub.2CH.sub.2X, halopropenes of the formula CX.sub.3CHCH.sub.2 and halopropenes of the formula CX.sub.2CHCH.sub.2X, wherein each X is independently F or Cl, with HF and Cl.sub.2 in a reaction zone to produce a product mixture comprising HF, HCl, CF.sub.3CF.sub.2CH.sub.3, CF.sub.3CFCH.sub.2, and CF.sub.3CClCH.sub.2; and recovering the CF.sub.3CF.sub.2CH.sub.3, CF.sub.3CFCH.sub.2 and/or CF.sub.3CClCH.sub.2 from the product mixture. Also disclosed is a process for making CF.sub.3CH.sub.2CHF.sub.2, CF.sub.3CHCHF, and/or CF.sub.3CHCHCl. This process involves reacting at least one starting material selected from the group consisting of halopropenes of the formula CX.sub.3CHCH.sub.2 and halopropenes of the formula CX.sub.2CHCH.sub.2X, wherein each X is independently F or Cl, with HF and Cl.sub.2 in a reaction zone to produce a product mixture comprising HF, HCl, CF.sub.3CH.sub.2CHF.sub.2, CF.sub.3CHCHF and CF.sub.3CHCHCl; and recovering the CF.sub.3CH.sub.2CHF.sub.2, CF.sub.3CHCHF, and/or CF.sub.3CHCHCl from the product mixture. The molar ratio of HF to the total amount of starting materials fed to the reaction zone for both of these processes is at least stoichiometric, and the molar ratio of Cl.sub.2 to total amount of starting material fed to the reaction zone for both of these processes is 2:1 or less.

A process is disclosed for making CF.sub.3CF.sub.2CH.sub.3, CF.sub.3CFCH.sub.2 and/or CF.sub.3CClCH.sub.2. The process involves reacting at least one starting material selected from the group consisting of halopropanes of the formula CX.sub.3CH.sub.2CH.sub.2X, halopropenes of the formula CX.sub.3CHCH.sub.2 and halopropenes of the formula CX.sub.2CHCH.sub.2X, wherein each X is independently F or Cl, with HF and Cl.sub.2 in a reaction zone to produce a product mixture comprising HF, HCl, CF.sub.3CF.sub.2CH.sub.3, CF.sub.3CFCH.sub.2, and CF.sub.3CClCH.sub.2; and recovering the CF.sub.3CF.sub.2CH.sub.3, CF.sub.3CFCH.sub.2 and/or CF.sub.3CClCH.sub.2 from the product mixture. Also disclosed is a process for making CF.sub.3CH.sub.2CHF.sub.2, CF.sub.3CHCHF, and/or CF.sub.3CHCHCl. This process involves reacting at least one starting material selected from the group consisting of halopropenes of the formula CX.sub.3CHCH.sub.2 and halopropenes of the formula CX.sub.2CHCH.sub.2X, wherein each X is independently F or Cl, with HF and Cl.sub.2 in a reaction zone to produce a product mixture comprising HF, HCl, CF.sub.3CH.sub.2CHF.sub.2, CF.sub.3CHCHF and CF.sub.3CHCHCl; and recovering the CF.sub.3CH.sub.2CHF.sub.2, CF.sub.3CHCHF, and/or CF.sub.3CHCHCl from the product mixture. The molar ratio of HF to the total amount of starting materials fed to the reaction zone for both of these processes is at least stoichiometric, and the molar ratio of Cl.sub.2 to total amount of starting material fed to the reaction zone for both of these processes is 2:1 or less.

A method of producing carbon tetrachloride includes providing a chloromethanes stream, combining the chloromethanes stream with chlorine and additional carbon tetrachloride to form a reaction mixture, wherein the reaction mixture includes at least stoichiometric levels of chlorine, introducing electromagnetic radiation to the reaction mixture and subjecting the reaction mixture to suitable reaction conditions to form product carbon tetrachloride, and collecting a product stream including the product carbon tetrachloride.

A method of producing carbon tetrachloride includes providing a chloromethanes stream, combining the chloromethanes stream with chlorine and additional carbon tetrachloride to form a reaction mixture, wherein the reaction mixture includes at least stoichiometric levels of chlorine, introducing electromagnetic radiation to the reaction mixture and subjecting the reaction mixture to suitable reaction conditions to form product carbon tetrachloride, and collecting a product stream including the product carbon tetrachloride.

There are provided methods and systems related to use of one or more lanthanide halides in an electrochemical oxidation of metal halide in anolyte where the metal ion is oxidized from lower oxidation state to higher oxidation state at an anode; and then further use of the one or more lanthanide halides and the metal halide with the metal ion in the higher oxidation state in a halogenation reaction of an unsaturated hydrocarbon or a saturated hydrocarbon to form one or more products comprising halohydrocarbon.

There are provided methods and systems related to use of one or more lanthanide halides in an electrochemical oxidation of metal halide in anolyte where the metal ion is oxidized from lower oxidation state to higher oxidation state at an anode; and then further use of the one or more lanthanide halides and the metal halide with the metal ion in the higher oxidation state in a halogenation reaction of an unsaturated hydrocarbon or a saturated hydrocarbon to form one or more products comprising halohydrocarbon.